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All Journal EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English
Mariwan Hasan
English Department, College of Basic Education, Sulaimani University, Iraq

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Alienation in Bian Zhilin's Fragment and Sherko Bekas's Now a Girl is My Homeland: A comparative literary analysis Mariwan Hasan
EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v11i1.17384

Abstract

Comparative studies of Chinese and Kurdish poetry remain scarce, particularly those exploring how poets from different historical and cultural contexts represent political disillusionment, identity fragmentation, and belonging. Addressing this gap, this study compares Bian Zhilin's Fragment and Sherko Bekas's Now a Girl is My Homeland through existentialist and postcolonial perspectives. Using a qualitative comparative literary approach based on close textual, thematic, and contextual analysis, the study examines how imagery, symbolism, silence, fragmentation, and representations of homeland construct meanings of alienation. The findings show that although the poems emerge from different political realities post-revolutionary China and the Kurdish experience of exile both portray alienation as an existential condition that reshapes identity and belonging. However, they differ in their poetic strategies: Zhilin employs silence, fragmentation, and introspection, whereas Bekas relies on symbolic representations of homeland, memory, and cultural resilience. By bringing Chinese and Kurdish poetry into dialogue, this study contributes to comparative literary scholarship by demonstrating how distinct poetic traditions converge in expressing universal experiences of loss, identity, and the search for meaning.
Journey of the soul: The cultural, spiritual, and personal significance of Hajj in Na'ima B. Robert's Going to Mecca Mariwan Hasan
EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v10i2.16074

Abstract

Na’ima B. Robert’s Going to Mecca, portrays the Hajj pilgrimage as a rich, multifaceted journey that transcends its role as a religious obligation to embody cultural, spiritual, and personal significance. Through the experiences of her characters, Robert illustrates how Hajj functions as a rite of passage that strengthens Muslim identity, reinforces communal bonds, and fosters deep spiritual awakening. The pilgrimage emerges as a transformative process in which characters navigate the intersection of faith, family expectations, and personal aspirations. This study explores how Robert’s narrative encapsulates the pilgrimage’s cultural role as a marker of collective belonging, its spiritual function as a journey of the soul, and its personal dimension as a catalyst for introspection and growth. By analyzing the interplay of these dimensions, the research highlights the continued relevance of Hajj as a powerful symbol of identity and renewal in contemporary Muslim experience.
Navigating nostalgia and hope: Metamodern oscillation in Tracy K. Smith’s Life on Mars Mariwan Hasan
EnJourMe (English Journal of Merdeka) : Culture, Language, and Teaching of English Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Merdeka Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v10i2.16280

Abstract

This study examines Tracy K. Smith’s Life on Mars as a representative example of metamodernist literature, focusing on the dynamic interplay of nostalgia, hope, and emotional complexity. The research asks: How does Smith’s poetry embody the oscillation between postmodern irony and modernist sincerity? In what ways do nostalgia and hope function as metamodern strategies for addressing contemporary social and existential challenges? Through a close reading of selected poems, the paper demonstrates that Smith’s work reflects a metamodern sensibility, balancing despair and longing with resilience and imaginative renewal. The findings suggest that Life on Mars portrays nostalgia as a critical, reflective mode rather than mere sentimentality, while hope emerges as a transformative force enabling readers to navigate uncertainty and envision collective connection.
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