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Regulation and Implementation of Green Open Space in Indonesia: Between Policy and Reality (Case Study at JIS Stadium) Sada Arifin; Sadino Sadino; Anas Lutfi
Business Economic, Communication, and Social Sciences Journal (BECOSS) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): BECOSS
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/becossjournal.v7i2.13628

Abstract

Green Open Space (RTH) has a vital function in maintaining ecosystem balance, improving air quality, and providing healthy and comfortable public spaces for the community. The role of green spaces is becoming increasingly important in the midst of increasing urbanization and rapid infrastructure development. In Indonesia, the government has established various regulations to ensure the availability of green spaces, including through Law No. 26/2007 on Spatial Planning which requires a minimum of 30% of the total city area to be allocated for green spaces. However, implementation in various regions, including in strategic areas such as the Jakarta International Stadium (JIS), still faces serious challenges. This study uses a juridical normative method to analyze the policy and implementation of the RTH regulation and assess the extent to which the JIS area complies with the regulation. The findings show that despite the existence of a strong legal foundation, the implementation of the RTH policy is still constrained by land conversion for commercial purposes, weak inter-agency coordination, low law enforcement, and minimal public participation in the planning and monitoring process. This study also identifies that the JIS area has not fully fulfilled the proportion of green space according to the stipulated standard. Therefore, concrete steps such as policy revision, strengthening of supervision mechanisms, and collaboration between the government, private sector, and civil society are needed in managing green spaces.
Ransomware Attacks on Investors’ Personal Data and the Legal Liability of Securities Companies in Indonesia Fauzan Wahyu Utomo; Anis Rifai; Anas Lutfi
Business Economic, Communication, and Social Sciences Journal (BECOSS) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): BECOSS (In Press)
Publisher : Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/becossjournal.v8i2.16136

Abstract

This article examines the legal liability of securities companies for ransomware attacks that result in the misuse of investors’ personal data in Indonesia. Using normative legal research with statute, conceptual, and case approaches, this study shows that the relevant legal framework is formed by the Capital Market Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law as amended by Law No. 1 of 2024, the Financial Sector Development and Strengthening Law, and OJK consumer protection regulations. The research gap lies in the absence of a focused analysis of securities companies’ accountability through the doctrines of duty of care, corporate negligence, and cyber liability in the capital market context. This article finds that liability may arise contractually, in tort, and administratively when a securities company fails to implement reasonable security measures, supervision, and incident response. Stronger harmonization of sectoral rules, explicit breach notification standards, and risk-based security obligations are therefore needed to protect investors more effectively.