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All Journal Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations Corpus: International Journal of Law and Political Authorit Safīnah: Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Islamic Sciences
Erniati Erniati
Stikip Catur Sakti Bantul

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Legal Reform of Carbon Trading Mechanisms in Indonesia’s Environmental Law Policy Zulfikri Akramul Akbar; Ade Wahyuni Azhar; Erniati Erniati
Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): May: Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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This study examines the structural weaknesses of Indonesia’s carbon trading governance within environmental law, investment regulation, and international climate obligations. The research applies normative juridical, doctrinal, and comparative legal approaches through statutory interpretation and conceptual analysis of Indonesian environmental regulations, carbon market regulations, and international climate instruments. The analysis demonstrates that Indonesia’s carbon trading framework remains fragmented because institutional coordination, emissions verification, market supervision, and liability mechanisms are regulated through disconnected legal regimes lacking integrated enforcement structures. The study further identifies serious deficiencies concerning administrative accountability, judicial enforcement, ecological supervision, and climate related financial governance, particularly regarding carbon fraud, greenwashing, and anti money laundering safeguards. Comparative examination of China, Finland, Sweden, and New Zealand illustrates that integrated climate governance requires centralized supervision, transparent carbon registries, enforceable liability systems, and judicially supported environmental accountability. This study proposes an integrated legal reform model emphasizing institutional synchronization, sustainable finance governance, ecological justice, and conformity with the Paris Agreement and United Nations climate regime. The proposed framework strengthens regulatory coherence and climate legitimacy globally.
Algorithmic Governance and Legal Accountability: A Comparative Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Regulation in Public Decision-Making Anggun Wida Prawira; Erniati Erniati
International Journal of Law and Political Authority Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : April: Corpus: International Journal of Law and Political Authority
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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This article examines the problem of legal accountability in algorithmic governance, particularly in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) used in public decision-making, where the increasing reliance on automated systems generates significant challenges related to transparency, liability attribution, and the protection of fundamental rights. The study addresses the normative and practical gaps arising from the coexistence of binding regulations, such as the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act, and non-binding frameworks, including the OECD AI Principles and UNESCO Recommendation, alongside fragmented national policies. Employing a normative-comparative legal research method, this study utilizes doctrinal analysis and comparative approaches based on primary legal sources and secondary scholarly literature to evaluate the coherence, consistency, and effectiveness of AI regulatory regimes across jurisdictions. The findings reveal that while the EU framework provides a relatively structured and enforceable model of accountability through a risk-based regulatory approach, significant ambiguities persist in the allocation of legal liability and the operationalization of human oversight, particularly when algorithmic systems influence administrative discretion. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that socio-legal factors, including institutional capacity, legal culture, and administrative practices, critically affect the implementation of accountability norms, thereby exposing a gap between formal legal design and empirical realities, especially in developing regulatory environments. The study contributes to legal scholarship by proposing an integrated framework of algorithmic accountability that combines normative clarity, comparative insights, and socio-legal considerations to strengthen governance mechanisms in AI-driven public administration  
Revitalizing Waqf Governance Through Digital Innovation: A Sharia Perspective on Transparency and Public Accountability Ismaul Fitroh; Firdaus Jeka; Samsul Arifin; Fitrahtul Saahira Khairunnisa`; Erniati Erniati
Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Islamic Sciences Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : May: Safīnah: Indonesian Journal of Sharia and Islamic Sciences
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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The rapid expansion of digital technology has transformed the governance of waqf institutions, creating new opportunities to enhance transparency, accountability, and operational efficiency while simultaneously raising challenges regarding Sharia compliance and institutional legitimacy. This study aims to formulate an integrated framework for revitalizing waqf governance through digital innovation from a Sharia perspective on transparency and public accountability. The research employed a non-empirical qualitative design using a doctrinal and literature-based approach. Data were collected from recent scholarly publications, legal studies, and academic literature concerning waqf governance, digital transformation, Islamic social finance, and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, followed by critical content analysis and conceptual synthesis. The findings indicate that digital technologies, including blockchain, artificial intelligence, digital accounting, and integrated information systems, strengthen governance effectiveness only when implemented within a governance structure guided by the principles of amanah, justice, transparency, and public welfare. The study further demonstrates that public accountability should be understood as a continuous ethical and institutional process rather than merely financial reporting. The proposed integrated governance model contributes to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by connecting technological innovation with Sharia governance principles and provides a conceptual foundation for future empirical studies on sustainable digital waqf governance.
Co-Authors Ade Wahyuni Azhar Anggun Wida Prawira Firdaus Jeka Fitrahtul Saahira Khairunnisa` Ismaul Fitroh Samsul Arifin Zulfikri Akramul Akbar