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p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal Custodia: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations Capitalis: Journal of Economic Stability, Banking, and Investment
Ade Wahyuni Azhar
APP APIPSU Medan
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Legal Reform of Carbon Trading Mechanisms in Indonesia’s Environmental Law Policy Zulfikri Akramul Akbar; Ade Wahyuni Azhar; Erniati Erniati
Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): May: Iustitia: Journal of Legal Theory, Politics, and International Relations
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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Abstract

This study examines the structural weaknesses of Indonesia’s carbon trading governance within environmental law, investment regulation, and international climate obligations. The research applies normative juridical, doctrinal, and comparative legal approaches through statutory interpretation and conceptual analysis of Indonesian environmental regulations, carbon market regulations, and international climate instruments. The analysis demonstrates that Indonesia’s carbon trading framework remains fragmented because institutional coordination, emissions verification, market supervision, and liability mechanisms are regulated through disconnected legal regimes lacking integrated enforcement structures. The study further identifies serious deficiencies concerning administrative accountability, judicial enforcement, ecological supervision, and climate related financial governance, particularly regarding carbon fraud, greenwashing, and anti money laundering safeguards. Comparative examination of China, Finland, Sweden, and New Zealand illustrates that integrated climate governance requires centralized supervision, transparent carbon registries, enforceable liability systems, and judicially supported environmental accountability. This study proposes an integrated legal reform model emphasizing institutional synchronization, sustainable finance governance, ecological justice, and conformity with the Paris Agreement and United Nations climate regime. The proposed framework strengthens regulatory coherence and climate legitimacy globally.
The Evolution of RegTech Adoption in Banking Supervision and Financial Regulatory Compliance Trie Hierdawati; Ade Wahyuni Azhar; Elinda Novita Dewi; Nurfitri Ramadana; Nabiya Desa Puti Andini
Capitalis: Journal of Economic Stability, Banking, and Investment Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : June: Capitalis: Journal of Economic Stability, Banking, and Investment
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

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This study examines the structural determinants and empirical trajectories of regulatory technology adoption within systemic banking frameworks across seventy five premier global banking institutions over a ten year observational window. Utilizing an advanced panel data econometric model with a fixed effects structural equation framework, the investigation maps the critical causal linkages between technological capital allocation and financial regulatory compliance efficiency. The empirical findings demonstrate that targeted infrastructure investments significantly reduce transaction processing latency and minimize post audit statutory penalty frequencies by replacing subjective human oversight with automated validation mechanisms. Furthermore, the analysis highlights that the ultimate operational efficacy of these algorithmic governance platforms depends heavily on structural organizational restructuring and the technical capacity of national supervisory authorities across cross border jurisdictions. The model robustness is rigorously validated through panel diagnostic specifications, confirming that clear institutional frameworks and automated mutual data ecosystems drastically lower macroprudential systemic vulnerabilities. Consequently, this research provides a comprehensive taxonomy of regulatory adaptation, establishing a reliable empirical baseline for central bankers, corporate executives, and policymakers seeking to optimize compliance architectures while safeguarding international financial stability.
Personal Data Protection in Indonesia’s Digital Public Services: Implementation and Accountability Ade Wahyuni Azhar; Hasan Ahmad; Diganta Hatiboruah
Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry Vol 2 No 1 (2026): : September: Custodia: Journal of Legal, Political, and Humanistic Inquiry
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/8grxvt91

Abstract

Indonesia's integrated digital public services create legal accountability challenges concerning the collection, exchange, and subsequent use of personal data across government institutions. This study examines whether Indonesia's personal-data protection framework establishes coherent legal responsibilities and safeguards for public-sector processing. A normative-doctrinal research design applies statutory, conceptual, and comparative legal analysis to Law No. 27 of 2022, digital-government regulations, Constitutional Court Decision No. 151/PUU-XXII/2024, and Government Regulation No. 33 of 2026. Public-sector cybersecurity incidents serve as documentary illustrations rather than empirical proof of statutory violations. The findings establish that governmental processing must satisfy recognized lawful bases, purpose-related limitations, security obligations, and identifiable controller responsibilities. However, statutory completeness does not itself demonstrate consistent institutional compliance, particularly across interconnected processing activities and supervisory arrangements. Government Regulation No. 33 of 2026, promulgated in July 2026, provides additional implementing provisions but does not enter into force until January 2027. The analysis identifies a need for documented processing responsibilities, risk assessment, verifiable audit records, and effective institutional supervision. These mechanisms constitute operational recommendations grounded in statutory and comparative analysis. The study concludes that Indonesia's principal normative challenge concerns translating established legal obligations into demonstrable, traceable, and independently reviewable accountability across digital public services.  
Co-Authors Diganta Hatiboruah Elinda Novita Dewi Erniati Erniati Hasan Ahmad Nabiya Desa Puti Andini Nurfitri Ramadana Trie Hierdawati Zulfikri Akramul Akbar