Suyatno Hadi Saputro
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia

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Autogenic Relaxation as a Form of Non-Pharmacological Supportive Intervention for Headaches in Hypertensive Patients Diah Priyantini; Noryani Noryani; Suyatno Hadi Saputro; Retno Sumara; Daviq Ayatulloh
Indonesian Academia Health Sciences Journal Vol 7 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN ACADEMIA HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

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Abstract

Hypertension is a major public health problem and is frequently associated with headache, which can significantly interfere with daily activities. Pharmacological therapy remains the most common treatment; however, long-term use may lead to side effects and reduced adherence. Therefore, non-pharmacological supportive therapies, such as autogenic relaxation, are increasingly considered as alternative approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of autogenic relaxation therapy in reducing headache intensity among patients with hypertension. This research employed a case intervention approach conducted at a community health center in Surabaya, Indonesia. Four patients diagnosed with hypertension participated in the study. Data collection was carried out through home visits, including interviews, observation, and review of health history over the past six months. Blood pressure was measured using a tensiometer, and headache intensity was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and PQRST method. Participants were guided to perform autogenic relaxation therapy twice weekly and independently at home for 20 minutes per session. The results demonstrated that all participants initially experienced moderate headache intensity (NRS 4–6). After the intervention, there was a consistent reduction in pain levels, with all participants reporting mild headache intensity (NRS 2–3). The most notable reduction was observed after the second session of therapy, indicating a progressive improvement in pain control. In conclusion, autogenic relaxation therapy is effective in reducing headache intensity among patients with hypertension. This non-pharmacological approach can be considered a simple, safe, and accessible intervention to complement conventional treatment and improve patient well-being.
The Effectiveness of Spiritual-Based Relaxation Technique on Patients With Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Treatment in an Integrated Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Diah Priyantini; Suyatno Hadi Saputro; Siswanto Agung Wijaya; Daviq Ayatulloh
Jurnal Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Vol 11 No 1 (2026): JURNAL KEPERAWATAN MUHAMMADIYAH
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jkm.v11i1.32489

Abstract

Background: Patients who have undergone treatment in an Integrated Cardiac Intensive Care Unit may experience psychological distress after discharge, including symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Exposure to life-threatening cardiac events, invasive procedures, uncertainty, and the intensive care environment may contribute to persistent fear, intrusive memories, sleep disturbance, and emotional dysregulation. Spiritual-based relaxation technique, including Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique, combines relaxation, spiritual affirmation, acceptance, and body-based stimulation to reduce emotional distress. Objective: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a spiritual-based relaxation technique in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among patients after treatment in an Integrated Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest study was conducted among 30 patients who had completed treatment in an Integrated Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of spiritual-based relaxation sessions delivered over three consecutive days. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were measured before and after the intervention using a standardized PTSD symptom questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The mean age of participants was 56.4 years, and most participants were male. The mean PTSD symptom score decreased from 42.6 ± 7.8 before the intervention to 28.9 ± 8.1 after the intervention. The median PTSD score decreased from 43.0 to 29.0. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a statistically significant reduction in PTSD symptoms after the intervention (Z = −4.62, p < .001). The mean score reduction was 13.7 points, indicating clinically meaningful improvement after spiritual-based relaxation. Conclusion: Spiritual-based relaxation technique was effective in reducing PTSD symptoms among patients after treatment in an Integrated Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. This intervention may be considered as a simple, low-cost, and holistic nursing approach to support psychological recovery after intensive cardiac care. Further studies using randomized controlled designs and larger samples are recommended.