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All Journal Rechtsvinding Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial
M. Aidil Akbar
Universitas Jambi
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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The Implications of Foreign Investment Limitations on 'The End Justifies the Means' Practices within the Indonesian Investment Sector M. Aidil Akbar; Wildan Ambron Ritonga; Rifqi Pratama Putra
Rechtsvinding Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Civiliza Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59525/rechtsvinding.1372

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implications of Presidential Regulation (Perpres) Number 49 of 2021 on the emergence of "the end justifies the means" practices by foreign investors within joint venture companies in Indonesia. Although this regulation provides investment facilities to stimulate national economic growth, certain strategic sectors remain subject to foreign ownership restrictions. A primary issue arises when domestic investors face financial constraints in fulfilling the required majority shareholding portions. This condition leads to legal smuggling practices by foreign investors seeking full corporate control, notably through nominee shareholder mechanisms. This legal research highlights how the capital disparity between foreign and domestic investors triggers the use of trusteeship agreements or dummy corporations, which are strictly prohibited under Indonesian law. The findings suggest the necessity of strengthening legal frameworks and oversight to balance foreign investment interests with national economic sovereignty
Reorientasi Pengaturan Jasa Pendidikan Tinggi di Indonesia: Menakar Impak GATS: Penelitian M. Aidil Akbar; Maretta Trimirza
Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Volume 4 Nomor 2 June - September
Publisher : PT PUSTAKA CENDEKIA GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70292/pchukumsosial.v4i2.499

Abstract

Keterikatan Indonesia pada General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) memicu ketegangan normatif antara komitmen perdagangan bebas internasional (pacta sunt servanda) dan kewajiban konstitusional negara (state obligation) dalam menjamin hak atas pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikasi yuridis komitmen GATS terhadap kedaulatan regulasi pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia serta merumuskan konsep reorientasi hukum yang ideal dalam pengaturan Perguruan Tinggi Asing (PTA). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif (doctrinal legal research) dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perjanjian internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kontradiksi normatif antara kehendak GATS yang mendorong komersialisasi pasar pendidikan dengan Pasal 90 Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2012 tentang Pendidikan Tinggi yang secara eksplisit mewajibkan operasionalisasi PTA berprinsip nirlaba. Lebih lanjut, fleksibilitas regulasi dalam UU Cipta Kerja dan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Pendidikan berpotensi memperlebar komersialisasi dan mengancam pendidikan sebagai barang publik (public goods). Sebagai bentuk reorientasi hukum berbasis Teori Monisme Primat Hukum Nasional dan Social Engineering, Indonesia perlu mempertahankan regulasi protektifnya sekaligus membentuk aturan khusus dan terpisah (lex specialis) bagi PTA. Regulasi ini wajib memuat tiga pilar utama: keharusan kemitraan strategis (mandatory joint venture), proteksi kedaulatan kurikulum nasional, serta skema beasiswa afirmatif minimal 20% bagi mahasiswa kurang mampu demi menjaga kerangka aksesibilitas (4As Framework).
Co-Authors Rifqi Pratama Putra Trimirza, Maretta Wildan Ambron Ritonga