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All Journal Asian Journal of Agriculture Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI
Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Rice response to cadmium bioremediation using sorghum and mycorrhiza PUJI HARSONO; NUR AZIZAH USWATUN HASANAH; EDI PURWANTO; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g090219

Abstract

Abstract. Harsono P, Hasanah NAU, Purwanto E, Samanhudi. 2025. Rice response to cadmium bioremediation using sorghum and mycorrhiza. Asian J Agric 9: 522-532. Cadmium (Cd) contamination at 2.9 mg kg-¹ in paddy soils reduces rice productivity and threatens food safety. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) phytoremediation combined with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in improving rice growth under mild Cd contamination. A factorial randomized complete block design with two cropping systems (seed vs. ratoon, where the same crop is re-grown from the stubble or roots of the first crop) and seven remediation treatments (control; three sorghum varieties (Super 1, Samurai 1, Kawali) combine with/without 10 g AMF plot-¹) was applied in 42 plots (3×4 m). Rice cv. IR 64 was transplanted 30 days after remediation. Significant interactions (p<0.05) between cropping system and remediation treatment occurred for plant height and leaf area. The Kawali + AMF treatment produced the most significant gains relative to the control: plant height +7.7%, leaf area +207%, chlorophyll +236% and total dry biomass +152%, while extending the vegetative phase by 23%. Improvements were consistent across sorghum seed and sorghum ratoon systems, indicating that remediation benefits persist beyond the first harvest. Ratoon sorghum-maintained remediation benefits, with 7-10% taller plants and 8% greater leaf area than the control, despite slightly reduced canopy size compared with seed sorghum; all sorghum treatments delayed flowering by ~11 days, indicating reduced Cd stress. High-biomass sorghum, especially Kawali, combined with AMF, enhances rice growth and physiology while stabilizing Cd, providing a scalable remediation strategy for sustainable rice production in Cd-contaminated tropical agroecosystems.
Morphological characteristics of Phaius spp. orchids from Indonesia Sri Hartati; Samanhudi SAMANHUDI; Ida Rumia Manurung; ONGKO CAHYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 4 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220447

Abstract

Abstract. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Manurung IR, Cahyono O. 2021. Morphological characteristics of Phaius spp. orchids from Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1991-1995. Orchid is one of the ornamental plants with great economic value in various communities. Characterization and grouping of several orchid species can be used in breeding efforts to obtain hybrid with the desired traits. This study is aimed to characterize the morphological appearance of Phaius orchids and to cluster the species based on their similarity in morphological characteristics. Five species of Phaius (P. tankervilleae, P. indigoferus, P. montanus, P. amboinensis, and P. callosus) of the collection of the Bogor Botanical Garden were observed based on 30 morphological characters including the characters of stems, pseudobulbs, leaves and flowers. The data obtained were converted into binary data and computed using the Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System (NTSYS) Spc 2.02 program to produce dendrogram. The results show that based on the morphological characterization of the five species of Phaius spp., they have similarities from 63% to 80%. Among the five Phaius species, P. amboinensis, P. tankervilleae, and P. montanus had 80% similarity and can be used as parents for crossing.
Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) diversity conservation by in vitro culture with IAA and yeast extract Samanhudi Samanhudi; AMALIA TETRANI SAKYA; ANDRIYANA SETYAWATI; MUMTAZ MUAWANAH
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230525

Abstract

Abstract. Samanhudi, Sakya AT, Setyawati A, Muawanah M. 2022. Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) diversity conservation by in vitro culture with IAA and yeast extract. Biodiversitas 23: 2457-2463. Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is a scare plant with high economic value and many benefits. Tissue culture is an effective way of producing plants in large quantities, in a short time with uniform results. This study aims to get the proper concentration of IAA and yeast extract for agarwood growth in vitro. The research was conducted in December 2019-June 2020 at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. The design used is Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in 2 factors: first factor was IAA concentration with 4 level: 0; 0,5; 1; 1.5 mgL-1 and second factor was yeast extract concentration with 4 levels: 0; 200; 400; 800 mgL-1. Obtained 16 combinations of treatments repeated 3 times so that there are 48 units of experiments. Observed variables: the time of appearance of shoots, the number of shoots, the height of shoots, the number of leaves, and the number of roots. Root count data is described and data other than root count is analyzed ANOVA, if real influence is further tested DMRT 5%. The IAA affects the height of shoots and the number of agarwood leaves in vitro rooted plantlets has 5 plantlets.
Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection SRI HARTATI; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; ONGKO CAHYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 5 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230548

Abstract

Abstract. Hartati S, Samanhudi, Cahyono O. 2022. Short Communication: Morphological characterization of five species of Dendrobium native to Indonesia for parent selection. Biodiversitas 23: 2648-2654. As one of the most plentiful orchid genera, Dendrobium has a potential genetic resource for crossing programs. Morphological characterization is an important step in determining genetic relationships among orchid species in the same genus. The research aims to identify the morphological characteristics of five species of Indonesian Dendrobium in order to assess the potential cross elder candidates. The materials used in this study were D. mirbelianum Gaudich., D. lamellatum (Blume) Lindl., and D. anosmum obtained from Bogor Botanic Gardens; and D.bracteosum Rchb.f. and D. purpureum obtained from Klaten Speci Gardens. This study recorded 30 morphological characters of Dendrobium studied. There were 23 out of the 30 identified morphological characters (76.67%) that showed varying characters in flowers, leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots. Based on the cluster analysis, five species of Dendrobium are separated into two clusters and cluster division does not correlate with the section of Dendrobium. The species with the highest similarity coefficient has the potential to be used as parental in crosses. Dendrobium lamellatum and D. anosmum have the highest similarity coefficient of 0.80 and are the most potential as parental species for crossing, followed by D. bracteosum and D. purpureum with a similarity coefficient of 0.70.
The investigation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer on the productivity of various Sorghum bicolor varieties EKA HANDAYANTA; FAROUQ HEIDAR BARIDO; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 8 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250850

Abstract

Abstract. Handayanta E, Barido FH, Samanhudi. 2024. The investigation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer on the productivity of various Sorghum bicolor varieties. Biodiversitas 25: 2763-2768. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a unique cereal crop characterized by its regenerative capacity post-harvest, with varieties including Super, Suri, Numbu, and Keller. This investigation sought to elucidate the impact of varying fertilizer levels on the forage productivity of these sorghum varieties. The experiment employed was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a 4×5 factorial arrangement and three replications. The first factor comprised the sorghum varieties (V1 = Super, V2 = Suri, V3 = Numbu, V4 = Keller), while the second factor pertained to the levels of NPK fertilizer (P0 = 0 kg/ha, P1 = 173 kg/ha, P2 = 346 kg/ha, P3 = 519 kg/ha, P4 = 692 kg/ha). Data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and significant differences were further analyzed using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The study concluded that while there was no interaction between the sorghum variety and NPK fertilization levels, the sorghum variety significantly influenced (P&lt;0.05) protein and crude fat production but not dry matter and crude fiber production (P&gt;0.05). The NPK fertilization levels significantly affected (P&lt;0.05) the production of dry matter, protein, fat, and crude fiber. The study deduced that a 692 kg/ha fertilization dose yielded the highest dry matter, protein content, crude fat, and crude fiber production.
Secondary metabolic analysis of three shallot cultivars on coastal peatlands in Meranti Islands District, Riau Province, Indonesia SELVIA SUTRIANA; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; EDI PURWANTO; HASAN BASRI JUMIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260509

Abstract

Abstract. Sutriana S, Samanhudi, Purwanto E, Jumin HB. 2025. Secondary metabolic analysis of three shallot cultivars on coastal peatlands in Meranti Islands District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 2106-2116. Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is a strategic horticultural vegetable commodity with great potential to be developed due to the various secondary metabolite content, such as flavonoid, phenol, anthocyanin, and antioxidant activity, which are crucial for health. This study aimed to identify and determine the secondary metabolism values of three shallot cultivars in coastal peatlands, namely Bima Brebes, Trisula, and SS Sakato. Shallot bulbs were extracted by maceration, followed by phytochemical content filtration. The total phenol, anthocyanin, as well as flavonoid levels were assessed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), while antioxidant activity was estimated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results indicated that SS Sakato cultivar had the highest extract yield of 12.17%. Bima Brebes and Trisula cultivars contained flavonoid, phenol, terpenoid, and steroid phytochemical, while SS Sakato had flavonoid, phenol, and terpenoid. Moreover, Bima Brebes produced the highest total phenol and flavonoid and SS Sakato had the highest anthocyanin. The standard retention time of quercetin from three shallot cultivars ranged from 9.167 to 9.227 minutes, with an average of 9.192 minutes. Bima Brebes was also found to have the best antioxidant activity as indicated by Inhibition Concentration50 (IC50) value.
Genetic characterization of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) with different flower colors and petal types using SRAP markers SUSANTI INDRIYA WATI; SAMANHUDI SAMANHUDI; ENDANG YUNIASTUTI; EDI PURWANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 8 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260806

Abstract

Abstract. Wati SI, Samanhudi S, Yuniastuti E, Purwanto E. 2025. Genetic characterization of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) with different flower colors and petal types using SRAP markers. Biodiversitas 26: 3722-3730. The butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) is an essential medicinal and ornamental plant in Indonesia, known for its diverse petal colors and forms. This study aimed to assess genetic diversity among eight C. ternatea accessions with varying flower colors and petal types using 10 SRAP primer combinations. The 114 DNA bands were amplified, and the average degree of polymorphism across all primer combinations was 87.12%. Two primer combinations (Me3Em3 and Me4Em4) displayed 100% polymorphism. The markers showed an average Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) of 0.31, while the mean Resolving Power (RP) and Marker Index (MI) were 5.50 and 3.24, respectively. The genetic relationships using UPGMA and PCoA revealed two main groups: Cluster 1, which included 1U (purple flower, single petal), 1Pn (pink flower, single petal), 2U (purple flower, double petal), and 2Pn (pink flower, double petal), and Cluster 2, which included 1B (blue flower, single petal), 1Pt (white flower, single petal), 2B (blue flower, double petal), and 2Pt (white flower, double petal). STRUCTURE analysis revealed a more precise genetic separation, with accessions 1U, 1B, 1Pn, and 1Pt clustered in Cluster 1, and 2U, 2B, 2Pn, and 2Pt clustered in Cluster 2. These findings are not only important for breeding programs, but also for conservation strategies. They provide valuable insights that can guide efforts to preserve the genetic diversity of C. ternatea, highlighting the crucial role of this research in the broader context of plant conservation.
Co-Authors AMALIA TETRANI SAKYA ANDRIYANA SETYAWATI EDI PURWANTO EDI PURWANTO EKA HANDAYANTA ENDANG YUNIASTUTI FAROUQ HEIDAR BARIDO HASAN BASRI JUMIN Ida Rumia Manurung MUMTAZ MUAWANAH NUR AZIZAH USWATUN HASANAH ONGKO CAHYONO PUJI HARSONO SELVIA SUTRIANA Sri Hartati SUSANTI INDRIYA WATI