Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.444
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This Author published in this journals
All Journal International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR) Journal of Global Strategic Studies
Pandji Sukmana
Public Administration Doctoral Studies, Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama)
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Digitalisation of Border Control through Autogate and the Emerging Configuration of Immigration System Resilience in Indonesia Besse Hartati; Sunarto; Pandji Sukmana; T. Herry Rachmatsyah
International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR) 2026: Volume 7 Issue 1
Publisher : Indonesian Academy of Social and Religious Research (IASRR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53639/ijssr.v7i1.386

Abstract

This article examines Indonesia’s autogate policy not only as a digital service innovation, but as a component of immigration system resilience. Drawing on policy implementation theory by Edwards III, Sabatier & Mazmanian, e-government literature on the design reality gap, system resilience thinking, and the information security CIA triad, the study analyses how autogate is designed, regulated, and operated at major international airports. Using a qualitative descriptive approach based on documentary and literature review, it maps legal foundations, organizational arrangements, and technical narratives surrounding automated border control. The findings show that autogate has improved processing times, standardized procedures, and strengthened traceability through digital logs, thereby supporting efficiency, accountability, and internal control. However, recurrent system downtime, biometric errors, incomplete system integration, and heavy dependence on infrastructure reveal significant vulnerabilities in confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Fragmented governance across immigration, airport operators, cybersecurity, and communications authorities reinforces a design–reality gap, limiting coordination, local ownership, and adaptive capacity. The article concludes that autogate currently functions as a double-edged innovation, symbolizing digital modernization while only partially reinforcing immigration system resilience. It recommends clearer mandates, stronger cross-sector coordination, improved data governance, and investment in human resources and risk-based oversight to align automated border control with a more robust, rights-sensitive model of digital immigration governance.
Policy Diffusion, Digitalisation, and Governance Gaps in the Implementation of Indonesia's Golden Visa Programme Gunawan Ari Nursanto; Sunarto Sunarto; Pandji Sukmana; Gatot Hery Djatmiko
Journal Of Global Strategic Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2025): Journal of Global Strategic Studies
Publisher : Master's Programs in International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Jenderal Achmad Yani University (UNJANI).

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36859/jgss.v5i2.5090

Abstract

Indonesia’s Golden Visa, launched in 2023 through Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation No. 22/2023, is promoted as a residence-by-investment scheme to attract foreign capital and talent for post-pandemic recovery and digital transformation. This article uses a qualitative descriptive approach based on documentary analysis of regulations, internal guidance, official statistics, and scholarly literature on Golden Visa programmes, investment migration, and digital immigration governance. It examines how Indonesia’s scheme is designed and how far its monitoring and governance arrangements are specified.The findings show that Indonesia, as a latecomer, selectively borrows design elements from European models longer residence durations, high investment thresholds, and privileged treatment for targeted investors and global talents—while embedding the programme in a digital-by-design architecture with online application and stay-permit services. However, there is a gap between relatively sophisticated ex-ante design and under-specified ex-post monitoring and evaluation. References to investment realisation, supervision, and revocation lack operational detail on risk-based triggers, inter-agency coordination, and data governance. The article argues that Indonesia’s Golden Visa must move beyond investment-promotion rhetoric toward an end-to-end, digitally supported monitoring model and contributes to debates on policy diffusion, investor migration, and digital governance by emphasising institutional capacity and accountability.
Co-Authors Besse Hartati Gatot Hery Djatmiko Gunawan Ari Nursanto Sunarto Sunarto Sunarto T. Herry Rachmatsyah