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All Journal SINORA: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Vonis
Slamet Tri Wahyudi
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Legalitas dan Prosedur Penyitaan Aset Virtual dalam Perkara Pidana di Indonesia: Tantangan Eksekusi pada Penyelenggara Perdagangan Aset Kripto Terdaftar Samudra Farasi Putra; Slamet Tri Wahyudi
Vonis Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : CV. Akira Java Bulu

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This research aims to analyze the legality and procedures for seizing virtual assets in criminal cases in Indonesia and identify execution challenges for Registered Crypto Asset Traders. The transformation of national criminal law through Law No. 1 of 2023 shifts the paradigm towards corrective justice emphasizing asset recovery, yet digital asset technology creates new juridical complexities. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory and conceptual approach through literature study techniques. The results show a procedural legal vacuum in Law No. 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code, which is still based on the physical asset paradigm, thus failing to reach decentralized digital asset characteristics. Although Law No. 4 of 2023 and OJK Regulation No. 23 of 2025 recognize crypto as a digital financial asset, its position in corporate capital structures under Law No. 40 of 2007 remains ambiguous. The main execution hurdles lie in extreme price volatility and the absence of technical protocols for investigators to gain digital access. This study recommends a seizure concept through a mechanism of converting virtual asset values into Rupiah at the time of seizure to lock the asset's economic value. This step is crucial to provide legal certainty for the state in recovering losses and protecting the defendant's rights from asset value depreciation during the judicial process. Therefore, regulatory synchronization between criminal procedure law and digital financial sector law is an absolute prerequisite for effective economic law enforcement in the digital era.
Proporsionalitas Pemidanaan Tindak Pidana Terorisme Pasca-KUHP Nasional: Analisis PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2026 dan Batas Diskresi Hakim Putu Ayu Veguita Putri Ningsih; Slamet Tri Wahyudi
Vonis Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : CV. Akira Java Bulu

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The entry into force of the National Criminal Code on 2 January 2026 reshaped the regulatory architecture of terrorism offences: Articles 6 and 7 of the Counter-Terrorism Law were repealed and their function transferred to Articles 600 and 601 of the Code, while Article 9, Article 13(c), and Article 15 of that law remain in force, and Law Number 1 of 2026 on Criminal Adjustment together with Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2026 on Sentencing Guidelines for Certain Terrorism Offences add further normative layers. This study aims to explain the relative position of those four instruments in determining punishment and to formulate how judges may assess culpability, harm, and offender circumstances consistently without dissolving the individualisation of punishment. The method employed is normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, the latter drawing on the sentencing guidelines of England and Wales; legal materials were collected through literature study and analysed descriptively and prescriptively in six sequential stages, from the identification of the legal issues to the construction of the model. The findings show that the guidelines operate accessorily and depend on proof of an offence exhaustively listed within their scope rather than on a general labelling of a case as terrorism, and that they alter neither the elements of the offence nor the statutory sentencing range. The study also identifies a coherence problem in Article 15, which still refers to repealed provisions. Its contribution is a five-layer audit model of sentencing reasoning that keeps judicial discretion alive yet open to argumentative scrutiny.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana terhadap Pihak yang Terlibat dalam Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Bom Bunuh Diri Justicia Salsabila; Slamet Tri Wahyudi
Vonis Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : CV. Akira Java Bulu

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Tindak pidana terorisme melalui aksi bom bunuh diri kerap melibatkan lebih dari satu orang, sementara pelaku yang meledakkan bom dapat meninggal dunia di tempat kejadian. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan persoalan mengenai dasar dan batas pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap pihak yang tidak meledakkan bom secara langsung tetapi terlibat dalam perencanaan, persiapan, penyediaan sarana, penggerakan, atau pembantuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis bentuk pertanggungjawaban pidana pihak-pihak tersebut serta batas pertanggungjawabannya berdasarkan peran dan tingkat keterlibatan. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif-preskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana tidak ditentukan oleh kedekatan fisik dengan ledakan, melainkan oleh perbuatan konkret, kesengajaan, hubungan antara kontribusi dan tindak pidana, serta bentuk keterlibatan menurut Pasal 20 dan Pasal 21 KUHP Nasional dan ketentuan khusus Undang-Undang Terorisme. Kematian pelaku langsung tidak menghapus pertanggungjawaban pihak lain. Penelitian ini menawarkan matriks peran yang bertumpu pada empat indikator, yaitu bentuk perbuatan, tahap keterlibatan, tingkat kesengajaan, dan kontribusi, guna menghindari kriminalisasi yang kurang maupun berlebihan, sejalan dengan berlakunya KUHP Nasional dan PERMA Nomor 2 Tahun 2026.
Rekonstruksi Batas Pertanggungjawaban Pidana atas Propaganda Terorisme yang Dihasilkan Kecerdasan Buatan: Perbandingan Hukum Indonesia dan Uni Eropa Anna Shania de Zeta Sinaga; Slamet Tri Wahyudi
Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : CV. AKIRA JAVA BULU

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Generative artificial intelligence changes the production and circulation of terrorist propaganda while dispersing human involvement across content creation, editing, and dissemination. This article examines the boundary between artificial-intelligence-assisted terrorist propaganda, incitement to terrorist offences, and protected expression in Indonesia, and develops a proportionate attribution framework through comparison with European Union law. It employs normative juridical research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches and descriptive-prescriptive analysis. Article 13A of the Indonesian counter-terrorism legislation is assessed alongside general criminal-law principles, Directive (EU) 2017/541, and Regulation (EU) 2021/784. A 2026 CTED briefing on Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan is used only as a factual illustration, not as adjudicated proof. The study finds that Article 13A remains applicable because liability attaches to human conduct, but organisational nexus, intent, and individual contribution require separate proof. European Union law offers a clearer distinction between individual criminal liability and platform content-governance duties. The article proposes five stages: identifying content, classifying conduct, testing offence elements, examining context and rights, and selecting a proportionate response. Interpretive guidance and explicit safeguards for legitimate expression are prioritised over immediate expansion of criminal offences.
Co-Authors Anna Shania de Zeta Sinaga Justicia Salsabila Putu Ayu Veguita Putri Ningsih Samudra Farasi Putra