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All Journal BULETIN FISIKA
Panji Kuswanaji
Sekolah Tinggi Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika
Astronomy Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Physics

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Study of Atmospheric Dynamics during the Quasi-Linear Convective System Event in West Sumatra (Case Study of March 11, 2025) Karmelita Asri Widyandaru; Panji Kuswanaji; Ahmad Irsyad Saputra; Achmad Zakir; Aditya Mulya
BULETIN FISIKA Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026): BULETIN FISIKA
Publisher : Departement of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Institute of Research and Community Services Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Badung Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/BF.2026.v27.i02.p05

Abstract

Quasi-Linear Convective System (QLCS) is an organized quasi-linear convective cloud structure that produces heavy rainfall. This study uses a single explanatory case study method on QLCS that occurred in West Sumatra on 11 March 2025. This study aims to explain the atmospheric dynamic mechanisms in convective system formation and their relationship with rainfall. Doppler C-Band weather radar data from the Padang Meteorological Station were used to analyze QLCS using Lombardo and Colle (2010) criteria. Radar products, including Column Maximum Reflectivity (CMAX) and Surface Rainfall Intensity (SRI), along with ERA5 reanalysis data, were used to examine cloud structure, rainfall intensity, and supporting atmospheric conditions. QLCS had length of 56.81 km, width 8.10 km, maximum reflectivity of 53 dBZ, and 60 minutes lifetime. The system developed due to low-level wind convergence supported by unstable atmospheric conditions, indicated by moderate to high Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) values (1000–2000 J kg⁻¹), upward air motion in 700–400 hPa layer, and high mid-level humidity. During the mature phase, QLCS produced heavy rainfall with a maximum intensity of 51 mm/hour. This study contributes to the scientific understanding of the relationship between atmospheric dynamics and regional mitigation efforts by examining rainfall associated with QLCS events.
Verification of InaCAWO Model Surface Ocean Currents Based on HF Radar Data in the Labuan Bajo Waters Panji Kuswanaji; Aries Kristianto
BULETIN FISIKA Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026): BULETIN FISIKA
Publisher : Departement of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, and Institute of Research and Community Services Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Badung Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/BF.2026.v27.i02.p14

Abstract

Labuan Bajo waters are a strategic maritime region with intensive tourism and marine transportation activities, making surface current information essential for maritime safety. This study aims to verify surface ocean current outputs from the InaCAWO model using HF Radar observations in Labuan Bajo as reference data. The study used surface current zonal (u) and meridional (v) components from InaCAWO and HF Radar for the period 1 December 2024 to 31 May 2025. Spatial resolution differences between the two datasets were adjusted using Natural Neighbor Interpolation, by interpolating HF Radar data onto the InaCAWO model grid. Model verification was conducted using statistical indicators, including Bias, Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Willmott Index, and supported by analyses of mean surface current, time series, scatterplots, and monthly spatial distributions of current components. The results show that InaCAWO is able to represent the general pattern of surface currents in Labuan Bajo waters, but tends to produce lower current magnitudes than HF Radar observations. The time series comparison shows a bias of -0.34 knot, an RMSE of 0.41 knot, and a correlation of 0.25, indicating a weak temporal relationship and an underestimation tendency. Verification of u and v components shows spatially and temporally varying errors, with greater uncertainty in the meridional component. Therefore, InaCAWO can serve as an initial representation of surface current conditions, but further evaluation is needed to improve its accuracy in capturing local current dynamics.
Co-Authors Achmad Zakir Aditya Mulya Ahmad Irsyad Saputra Aries Kristianto Karmelita Asri Widyandaru