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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Health and Medical Education
Shira Shalsabina Shafitri
University of Mataram
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Pathophysiology of Skin Aging: Role of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Dermal Remodeling Baiq Merna Merta Sari; Imey Pinasty Harianto Putri; Atriska Citra Muliana; Shira Shalsabina Shafitri; Janiya Abdila Ilmiah; Ihza Namira Athalia; Rashieka Salma Aulia; Gantha Narendra Josafat; Muhammad Hilmy As Shiddiq; I Nyoman Yudayana Indratama; Rangga Cahya Prasetya; Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Indonesian Journal of Health and Medical Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67434/ijhme.v1i1.1837

Abstract

The skin, as the largest organ of the human body, plays a vital role in protecting the internal systems from external environments. As age increases, the skin undergoes two types of aging: intrinsic, caused by genetic and hormonal factors, and extrinsic, due to environmental factors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and pollution. The aging process is characterized by a decrease in fibroblasts, which are responsible for producing collagen and elastin, leading to a reduction in skin strength and elasticity. Oxidative stress resulting from the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to DNA damage and triggers inflammatory responses that accelerate aging, manifesting as wrinkles and sagging skin. Chronic inflammation, induced by ROS, further supports premature aging by increasing inflammatory substances that cause redness and irritation of the skin. Additionally, dermal remodeling is a physiological process essential for maintaining healthy skin. Still, it can become pathological if there is an imbalance between synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix, thereby hastening signs of aging such as wrinkles and sagging skin. In efforts to combat skin aging, several pharmacological aspects, such as topical therapies using sunscreens, retinoids, and alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), have proven effective. Furthermore, systemic antioxidant supplementation also contributes to skin condition improvement. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of skin aging, the importance of skincare, and therapeutic strategies to counteract premature aging.
Gunstock Deformity of the Elbow: Clinical Features, Biomechanics, and Current Treatment Strategies: A Literature Review Ihza Namira Athalia; Imey Pinasty Harianto Putri; Atriska Citra Muliana; Shira Shalsabina Shafitri; Janiya Abdila Ilmiah; Baiq Merna Merta Sari; Rashieka Salma Aulia; Gantha Narendra Josafat; Muhammad Hilmy As Shiddiq; I Nyoman Yudayana Indratama; Rangga Cahya Prasetya; Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Indonesian Journal of Health and Medical Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67434/ijhme.v1i1.1838

Abstract

Gunstock deformity, also known as cubitus varus, is a common complication that arises after supracondylar humerus fractures in children, primarily due to malunion of the bone. This condition results in an inward deviation of the forearm when the elbow is in full extension, creating a pronounced change in contour that can significantly impact biomechanical function and the quality of life of the patient. Common clinical symptoms include pain on the lateral side of the elbow, limited range of motion, and joint instability, particularly associated with ulnar neuropathy. Diagnosis is established through physical examination and radiological imaging to identify the angle of deviation and malalignment. Management of this deformity varies based on severity, ranging from observation in mild cases to surgical interventions like osteotomy in more severe cases. Common corrective techniques include lateral closing wedge osteotomy and dome osteotomy, aimed at restoring anatomical alignment and preventing long-term complications. Postoperative rehabilitation is crucial for regaining joint function and muscle strength. Long-term prognosis is generally good; however, it requires appropriate management to avoid complications like joint stiffness and ulnar neuropathy. A comprehensive approach encompassing diagnosis, deformity correction, and rehabilitation is essential for achieving optimal functional outcomes.
Co-Authors As Shiddiq, Muhammad Hilmy Atriska Citra Muliana Baiq Merna Merta Sari Gantha Narendra Josafat I Nyoman Yudayana Indratama Ihza Namira Athalia Ihza Namira Athalia Imey Pinasty Harianto Putri Janiya Abdila Ilmiah Nurhidayati Nurhidayati Rangga Cahya Prasetya Rashieka Salma Aulia