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The Color Blindness Disorders and the Role of Sex-Linked Genes Muhammad Ainur Rosyid Ridho; Ratri Dwi Indriani
Journal of Medicine and Health Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j30466865.v2i2.2612

Abstract

Sex linkage is defined as the pattern of allele expression and inheritance associated with an individual's sex chromosomes. Sex-linked genes are genes located on the sex chromosomes. Genes associated with the X chromosome are referred to as X-linked genes or X chromosome genes. Color blindness is a condition in which a person is unable to distinguish certain wavelengths of light that can be differentiated by normal vision. The ratio of the index finger length (2D) compared to the ring finger length (4D) is an inherited trait influenced by sex-influenced gene expression. Patterns of baldness in humans, or androgenetic alopecia (AGA), are age-related conditions characterized by hair thinning, miniaturization, and hair loss. The objective of the research titled “Color Blindness and the Role of Sex-Influenced Genes” is to determine whether a person is color blind and to identify the genotype of each individual in a group based on the size of their index finger. The methods used include an online Ishihara test for color blindness, conducted by each subject using a prepared website. For the sex-influenced gene experiment, participants made patterns of their index, ring, and middle fingers on both hands on HVS paper, and the finger lengths were observed. The results showed that all participants were not color blind (normal), and some participants had longer index fingers, longer ring fingers, or equal lengths of the index and ring fingers.
Phytochemicals, Bioactivity, and Utilization of Etlingera elatior as a Medicinal Plant Muhammad Ainur Rosyid Ridho; Ratri Dwi Indriani; Arfiana Tanti Wulansari; Kristanti Indah Purwani
Journal of Medicine and Health Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j30466865.v2i2.3977

Abstract

Etlingera elatior, commonly known as torch ginger, is a plant widely used as a cooking spice. Native to Southeast Asia, E. elatior is not only valued for its culinary uses but also for its high nutritional content. It is also used medicinally, including as a treatment for typhoid fever and various other diseases. The bioactivity of this plant has been extensively studied. It has antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, tyrosinase-inhibiting, cytotoxic, and hepatoprotective properties. E. elatior acts as an antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperuricemia, anti-inflammatory, larvicidal, skin-whitening, anti-aging, and wound-healing agent. These biological activities are attributed to its rich content of phytochemical compounds, including phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. Given its wide range of biological activities and chemical compounds, E. elatior warrants further research to contribute to the development of natural medicinal plants in Indonesia.
Phytochemical Constituents and Therapeutic Potential of Pine Bark and Needle Extracts in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Muhammad Ainur Rosyid Ridho; Ratri Dwi Indriani; Arfiana Tanti Wulansari; Kristanti Indah Purwani; Tutik Nurhidayati; Veranita Aprilia; Anindhita Nabilah Pradani; Roy Ardiansyah Putra; Ardiansyah Farid
Journal of Medicine and Health Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j30466865.v3i1.4288

Abstract

Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases remain leading global health challenges, necessitating novel and complementary therapeutic strategies. Natural plant-derived compounds, particularly from pine bark and needles, have attracted attention for their potential health benefits. This study aims to comprehensively review the phytochemical composition of pine bark and needle extracts, focusing on their biological activities and potential roles in preventing and managing cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. A literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies published from 2000 to 2024. The selection criteria included in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research articles investigating the phytochemical profiles and pharmacological effects of pine bark and needle extracts on cardiovascular and metabolic health. Pine bark and needle extracts, especially from Pinus pinaster, are rich in proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and terpenoids. These bioactive compounds exhibit potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and endothelial protective properties. Clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate improvements in blood pressure, lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, and vascular function. Emerging evidence also suggests a role in modulating gut microbiota, contributing to systemic metabolic benefits. Pine bark and needle extracts hold significant promise as adjunct therapies for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases through their multi-targeted mechanisms. Further well-designed clinical trials are necessary to validate their efficacy, optimize dosages, and ensure safety for broader therapeutic application.
Anesthetic Agents and Mitochondrial Function A Comprehensive Review of Cellular Bioenergetics and Clinical Implications Ratri Dwi Indriani; Muhammad Ainur Rosyid Ridho
Journal of Medicine and Health Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Direktorat Riset dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j30466865.v3i1.7987

Abstract

General anesthetic agents have traditionally been understood to function by modulating synaptic receptors. However, emerging evidence highlights mitochondria as a critical, non-canonical target. A comprehensive synthesis of these interactions and their clinical implications is essential for advancing perioperative safety. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the molecular interactions between common anesthetic agents and mitochondrial function, bridging the mechanisms of cellular bioenergetics with relevant clinical outcomes. A literature search was conducted across major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, to synthesize and interpret findings from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies published between January 2000 and August 2025. Our synthesis reveals that anesthetics directly modulate the electron transport chain, leading to a dual-edged production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can be either protective (preconditioning) or damaging (oxidative stress). We find that agents exhibit distinct mitochondrial profiles: sevoflurane often confers protection, propofol shows dose-dependent toxicity linked to bioenergetic failure, and dexmedetomidine acts as a mito-protective adjunct. These interactions disrupt mitochondrial dynamics and can culminate in a "bioenergetic crisis" at the synapse, where energy demand is increased while mitochondrial ATP supply is compromised. Viewing anesthetics as potent mitochondrial modulators is crucial for the evolution of anesthesiology. This perspective shifts the paradigm towards personalized anesthetic strategies based on a patient's underlying mitochondrial vulnerability. We conclude that future research should focus on developing non-invasive biomarkers of mitochondrial health and creating "mito-sparing" anesthetic protocols to improve patient safety and long-term outcomes.