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Suci Ihtiaringtyas
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology

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Phytochemical Characterization of the Chloroform Extract of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Leaves with Implications for Antiparasitic Agent Development Suci Ihtiaringtyas; Octavia Permata Sari; Lieza Dwianasari Susiawan; Rizma Haidif Firinda; Ary Nahdiyani Amalia; Rhovee Ilmiawan Fuady
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19358

Abstract

The development of antiparasitic agents derived from natural products continues to receive considerable attention due to increasing resistance and limitations of conventional therapies. This study aimed to examine the phytochemical profile of the chloroform extract of fennel leaves (F. vulgare Mill.) as a basis for antiparasitic agent development. The extract was obtained using a maceration method and analyzed using thin layer chromatography. Qualitative analysis was conducted based on the observation of visible spots after spraying with appropriate visualization reagents, while supporting analysis was performed based on the calculation of retention factor values for the detected spots. The results revealed the presence of several major groups of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds, as indicated by specific color changes and retention factor values. The diversity of these metabolites suggests the possible involvement of multiple biochemical pathways related to antiparasitic mechanisms. Overall, the phytochemical profile of the chloroform extract of fennel leaves provides important preliminary data to support further research on natural product–based antiparasitic agents.
Effect of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Leaf Extract on Hemoglobin Levels in Mice with Experimental Malaria Dorojatun Krisna Sisputra; Suci Ihtiaringtyas; Lieza Dwianasari Susiawan; Mustofa Mustofa; Kamal Agung Wijayana
Medical and Health Journal Vol 6 No 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.6.1.22275

Abstract

Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium spp. and remains a major public health problem in tropical regions, including Indonesia. One of the clinical manifestations of malaria is anemia resulting from hemolysis, which leads to decreased hemoglobin levels. Although artemisinin-based combination therapy remains the first-line treatment for malaria, the emergence of drug resistance has prompted the search for alternative therapies to prevent malaria-associated anemia. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. leaf extract on hemoglobin levels in malaria model mice. A true experimental study with a pretest-posttest with control group design was conducted using 40 mice randomly assigned to eight groups: a negative control (DMSO), an extract control (400 mg/kgBW), a malaria control (Plasmodium berghei), and five treatment groups infected with P. berghei and administered F. vulgare leaf extract at doses of 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kgBW. Hemoglobin levels were measured every 24 hours for five days using a hemoglobinometer. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test after the normality test indicated a non-normal distribution (p<0.05) and the homogeneity test showed homogeneous data (p>0.05). The analysis revealed no significant effect of F. vulgare leaf extract on hemoglobin levels in malaria model mice (p=0.216). In conclusion, Foeniculum vulgare Mill. leaf extract did not affect hemoglobin levels in malaria model mice.
Co-Authors Ary Nahdiyani Amalia Dorojatun Krisna Sisputra Kamal Agung Wijayana Lieza Dwianasari Susiawan Mustofa Mustofa Octavia Permata Sari Rhovee Ilmiawan Fuady Rizma Haidif Firinda