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Ary Nahdiyani Amalia
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia
Medicine & Pharmacology

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Phytochemical Characterization of the Chloroform Extract of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Leaves with Implications for Antiparasitic Agent Development Suci Ihtiaringtyas; Octavia Permata Sari; Lieza Dwianasari Susiawan; Rizma Haidif Firinda; Ary Nahdiyani Amalia; Rhovee Ilmiawan Fuady
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19358

Abstract

The development of antiparasitic agents derived from natural products continues to receive considerable attention due to increasing resistance and limitations of conventional therapies. This study aimed to examine the phytochemical profile of the chloroform extract of fennel leaves (F. vulgare Mill.) as a basis for antiparasitic agent development. The extract was obtained using a maceration method and analyzed using thin layer chromatography. Qualitative analysis was conducted based on the observation of visible spots after spraying with appropriate visualization reagents, while supporting analysis was performed based on the calculation of retention factor values for the detected spots. The results revealed the presence of several major groups of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds, as indicated by specific color changes and retention factor values. The diversity of these metabolites suggests the possible involvement of multiple biochemical pathways related to antiparasitic mechanisms. Overall, the phytochemical profile of the chloroform extract of fennel leaves provides important preliminary data to support further research on natural product–based antiparasitic agents.
Acute Toxicity Test of Tamarillo Fruit Ethanol Extract (Solanum betaceum Cav.) on the Levels of Liver Transaminase Enzymes in Male Wistar Rats Ary Nahdiyani Amalia; Rini Dwi Yulianti; Eko Hidayaturrohman Khumaeni; Denok Tri Hardiningsih
Medical and Health Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mhj.2026.5.2.19413

Abstract

Indonesians traditionally utilize tamarillo for its various health benefits. However, the lipophilic compounds it contains have the potential to cause hepatotoxicity and increase transaminase enzymes, namely SGPT and SGOT enzymes. The study aimed to test the toxicity of tamarillo ethanol extract acutely on SGPT and SGOT levels in male Wistar white rats. The study used a post-test only experimental design with a control group design. Fifteen rats were randomly divided into five treatment groups. Group K1 as a control was given distilled water, group K2 was given paracetamol 2.5 g/kgBW, while groups K3, K4, and K5 were each given tamarillo ethanol extract in single doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kgBW. After 24 hours, rat blood serum samples were taken through the orbital sinus to measure SGPT and SGOT levels using the UV test method. The results showed that the average SGPT levels increased in the K2 group by 295.34±13.31 U/L and K5 by 93.67±19.03 U/L. Meanwhile, the average SGOT levels increased in the K2 group by 874±25.06 U/L, K4 by 164.67±7.57 U/L and K5 by 213.34±13.50 U/L. The One-Way ANOVA test showed a significance value of p=0.000 in the K2 and K5 groups for SGPT, while SGOT in the K2, K4 and K5 groups. Administration of tamarillo ethanol extract can cause liver damage at doses of 400 mg/kgBW and 600 mg/kgBW.
Co-Authors Denok Tri Hardiningsih Eko Hidayaturrohman Khumaeni Lieza Dwianasari Susiawan Octavia Permata Sari Rhovee Ilmiawan Fuady Rini Dwi Yulianti Rizma Haidif Firinda Suci Ihtiaringtyas