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All Journal Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra
Novi Imroatul Awaliyah
Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other

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The Personality Dynamics of the Main Characters in the Novel Kereta Semar Lembu: A Psychoanalytic Study by Sigmund Freud Novi Imroatul Awaliyah; Moh. Ahsan Shohifur Rizal
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 5 (2025): September 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i5.925

Abstract

This study aims to examine the personality dynamics of the main character in the novel through Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis. The research focuses on the structure of the main character’s personality and how the interaction between these elements gives rise to personality dynamics in the form of instincts (life and death) and anxiety (realistic, neurotic, and moral). Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study analyzes the narrative text and dialogue in the novel Kereta Semar Lembu through reading and note-taking techniques and content analysis techniques. The results show that the main character has a dominant id, driving the fulfillment of the pleasure principle and sexual needs. The ego mediates between the id and social reality and the demands of the superego through rational decisions and acceptance of consequences. The superego represents moral values by bringing up social and moral norms, guilt due to moral violations, and anxiety due to moral inconsistencies. The interaction of these three aspects forms the dynamics of personality, namely the instinct to live, which is seen through the desire for exploration and self-growth, as well as adaptation to reality. The death instinct manifests itself in destructive impulses and the desire to end one’s life. Realistic anxiety is evident in the fear of facing reality and damnation, while moral anxiety is reflected in feelings of guilt, sinfulness, and fear of social and religious punishment. These findings confirm that childhood experiences and social environment greatly contribute to shaping the main character’s personality. 
Hate Speech in the Comments Column of the @dpr_ri Instagram Post Regarding the Post "Statement of Apology and Condolences from the Speaker of the Indonesian House of Representatives" Novi Imroatul Awaliyah; Aida; Hidhayahten Khasanah; Mintowati
Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 4 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Raja Zulkarnain Education Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55909/jpbs.v4i6.995

Abstract

This study aims to describe the form of hate speech in the comments column of the Instagram account @dpr_ri on the post of the apology and condolences statement of the Speaker of the Indonesian House of Representatives, Puan Maharani, and explain its legal implications based on Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE). This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, and a pragmatic and forensic linguistic approach. The data collection technique uses digital documentation techniques. The data analysis technique uses content analysis techniques combined with pragmatic analysis to reveal the function of expressive speech acts and relate them to the articles of the ITE Law. The results of the study indicate that the hate speech found includes four categories, namely provocation, incitement, insults, and unpleasant actions. Linguistically, the speech contains expressive speech acts with connotations of hatred, while legally it has the potential to violate Article 27 Paragraph (3) concerning insults or defamation and Article 28 Paragraph (2) concerning the spread of hatred based on SARA. The social implications include the erosion of public communication ethics, the emergence of a culture of aggressive speech, and the risk of criminalization due to low digital legal literacy. These findings confirm that pragmatic analysis and forensic linguistics can be used as instruments for early identification of hate speech on social media, while simultaneously strengthening legal awareness and language ethics in Indonesia's digital space.
Co-Authors Aida Hidhayahten Khasanah Mintowati Moh. Ahsan Shohifur Rizal