Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.408
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry
Mulina Tarigan
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Humanities Education Social Sciences Other

Published : 2 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 2 Documents
Search

 1 
Reconciliation Through Bearing Another's Debt: an Exegetical Study of Philemon 1:17–19 and its Implications for the Contemporary Church Medi L. Sihombing; Aremi E. Tarigan; Mulina Tarigan; Hanna Pangaribuan; Afriani Manalu
International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): July: International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ijcep.v3i3.571

Abstract

This study examines the theological concept of reconciliation through the bearing of another’s debt in Philemon 1:17–19 as a biblical foundation for the ministry of reconciliation in the contemporary church. Although previous studies have explored the historical relationship between Philemon and Onesimus and Paul’s persuasive rhetoric, limited attention has been given to the theological significance of Paul’s willingness to assume Onesimus’ debt as a model of Christian reconciliation. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the exegetical meaning of Philemon 1:17–19 and to explore its implications for the contemporary church. Employing a qualitative method with a New Testament exegetical approach, the study examines the grammatical, syntactical, literary, and theological dimensions of the text. The findings reveal that reconciliation in this passage extends beyond interpersonal conflict resolution to the restoration of relationships grounded in shared identity in Christ. Paul’s willingness to bear Onesimus’ debt represents substitutive solidarity that reflects the redemptive pattern of Christ’s sacrificial work and demonstrates that genuine reconciliation requires personal responsibility, sacrificial love, and active participation in restoring broken relationships. The study concludes that Philemon 1:17–19 offers a robust theological framework for reconciliation that is both spiritually transformative and socially restorative, providing a relevant paradigm for the contemporary church in addressing relational conflicts and fostering authentic Christian community.
Proportional and Accountable Justice: An Ethical-Legal Study of Exodus 21:12–14 in Responding to Contemporary Criminal Justice Issues Ira Berkat Ampugo; Christiany Hutabarat; Octavianus Nathanael; Mulina Tarigan
International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): July: International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ijcep.v3i3.577

Abstract

Contemporary criminal justice systems continue to face challenges in ensuring that law enforcement is not merely legal-formal but also proportional, accountable, and humane, particularly in distinguishing intentional from unintentional homicide. This study examines the ethical-legal principles of Exodus 21:12–14 to explore their relevance for contemporary criminal justice. Specifically, it analyzes the principle of intent in determining criminal responsibility, examines the ethical significance of sanctuary as an early form of legal protection, and critiques the misuse of religious or institutional authority as a means of avoiding legal accountability. This qualitative study employs a literature-based approach through biblical exegesis and ethical-legal analysis. The findings identify three enduring ethical principles: (1) criminal liability should be assessed based on intentionality rather than solely on the resulting act; (2) sanctuary functions as an early expression of legal protection and procedural justice for unintentional offenders; and (3) the command to remove premeditated murderers even from the altar rejects all forms of impunity and affirms equal accountability before the law. The study concludes that Exodus 21:12–14 offers enduring ethical-legal insights that enrich contemporary discourse on criminal justice by promoting proportional, accountable, humane, and impartial law enforcement.
Co-Authors Afriani Manalu Aremi E. Tarigan Christiany Hutabarat Hanna Pangaribuan Ira Berkat Ampugo Medi L. Sihombing Octavianus Nathanael