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All Journal Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering
Suhirman Suhirman
Politeknik Industri Petrokimia Banten
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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ANALYSIS OF AMMONIA ASSIMILATION KINETICS AND DETERMINATION OF SUBSTRATE INHIBITION CONDITIONS IN VARIATIONS OF MOLASSES DOSE IN A BATCH REACTOR SYSTEM Muhammad Iqbal Putra; Rizky Ibnufaatih Arvianto; Suhirman Suhirman; Adna Ivan Ardian; Denanda Clarasati Puteri; Dennis Farina Nury; Muhammad Zulfikar Luthfi; Maghfira Arum Lestari
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Volume 10, No 1 July 2026 (First Online)
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v10i1.115734

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to find the inhibitory phenomena caused by an excessive organic load and to estimate the ideal molasses dosage for ammonia assimilation by Saccharomyces spt. The experiment was carried out utilizing a batch reactor system with different molasses doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL at a constant starting ammonia content of 50 mg/L. Ammonia assimilation followed a pseudo-first-order model with a significant coefficient of determination R2 > 0.90 in the active dose range, according to the kinetic studies. The results confirmed that a dose of 10 mL was the optimum condition, producing the highest reaction rate constant (k) of 0.5107 day-1 and an ammonia reduction efficiency of 93.58%. On the other hand, raising dosage 20 mL caused a substrate inhibition phenomenon, which was marked by a drop in the k value to 0.2268 day-1 and a low ammonia reduction efficiency of 58.42% because of the initial acidification. The ammonia removal rate and biomass concentration (MLSS) had a very strong positive linear connection (r=0.98) according to Pearson correlation analysis, indicating that nitrogen assimilation with biomass growth-rather than physical volatilization-is the primary mechanism of removal. In order to optimize ammonia absorption performance without causing environmental toxicity, this study suggests a dose of 10 mL.
Analysis Of Recent Research In Solketal Synthesis Toward Circular Economy : A Review Adna Ivan Ardian; Tamaratritania Citta Trisnantari; Dennis Farina Nury; Rizky Ibnufaatih Arvianto; Suhirman Suhirman
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 10, No 1 (2026): Volume 10, No 1 July 2026 (First Online)
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v10i1.113030

Abstract

Indonesia’s growing biodiesel production has caused a large surplus of crude glycerol, which becomes both an economic and environmental problem. The study present a systematic chemical engineering perspective on how glycerol can be transformed into solketal, a compound that can act as a biofuel additive and green solvent. The discussion is based on a systematic reading method of twelve research papers published between 2018 and 2024, specifically discuss the development of catalysts related to this process. The contrasting performance between catalyst efficiency and its industrial implementation become a concern. It shows Zeolites and MOF catalyst exceed other types of catalysts by using process intensification in laboratory. But in contrast, their stability lower when associated with impurities found in feedstock, followed by heat-related problems. On the other side, simple and cheaper catalysts such as acid-treated clays still show steady activity even in less clean feedstocks, making them more realistic for larger scale operation. The review also points out that improving catalyst lifetime and using new process approaches like microwave heating are important to make the process more economical. Overall, this study suggests that creating catalysts which can resist impurities together with better process design is necessary to make glycerol utilization more sustainable and in line with Indonesia’s circular economy plan.
Co-Authors Adna Ivan Ardian Denanda Clarasati Puteri Dennis Farina Nury Maghfira Arum Lestari Muhammad Iqbal Putra Muhammad Zulfikar Luthfi Rizky Ibnufaatih Arvianto Tamaratritania Citta Trisnantari