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Electrical Properties of Microporous Carbon from Biomass Wood; Tamarind, Mahogany, Teak, and Coconut Shell: M Mashuri, Cindy C Karim, A Fauziyah, S Suyatno Mashuri Mashuri; Cindy C. Karim Cindy C. Karim; A. Fauziyah A. Fauziyah; Suyatno Suyatno
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 20 No 1 (2024): January 2024 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v20i1.20759

Microporous carbon has been successfully synthesized from biomass, namely Tamarind Wood (Tamarindus Indica), Mahogany Wood (Swietenia Mahagoni), Teak Wood (Tectona Grandis), and Coconut Shell (Cocos Nucifera). Microporous carbon was synthesized using the carbonization method at 600°C for 45 minutes and washed using an ultrasonic cleaner for 6 hours. Next, the micro-porous carbon powder is dried in the sun and grinded mechanically. Microporous carbon powder was characterized by phase, average particles size, gap energy and electrical conductivity using XRD, PSA, UV-vis and LCR meters. The characterization results show that microporous carbon in the rGO (reduced graphene oxide) phase with a (002) reflection plane in an amorphous carbon graphite structure, the average particle size of Tamarind Wood (8.068 µm), Mahagony Wood (4.409 µm), Teak Wood (3.902 µm) and Coconut shell (3.653 µm). The gap energy measurement results show respectively 1.491 eV, 1.771 eV, 1.821 eV and 2.342 eV with an electrical conductivity value of 142.1×10-2 S/m, 1.281×10-2 S/m, 0.962×10-2 S/m, 0.771×10-2 S/m respectively Coconut shell, Teak Wood, Mahogany Wood, and Tamarind Wood. This microporous carbon-based wood biomass is semiconductors that have the potential as environmentally friendly energy storage supercapacitor materials.

Improvement of Soundscapes Based on Noise Control in Urban Forest as an Effort to Fulfill Quality of Green Open Space Standards: Suyatno Suyatno, Lailatul Inayah, Susilo Indrawati Suyatno Suyatno; Lailatul Inayah Lailatul Inayah; Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 18 No 1 (2022): January 2022 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v18i1.12040

Urban forests play an important role in green open spaces. Urban forests have aesthetic functions and social functions that refer to the quality standards. Urban noise causes city forest soundscapes to be less comfortable and less aesthetic so that its function as a green open space is not fulfilled. This study aims to improve the quality of sound in urban forests (soundscape) based on the quality of green open space standards through noise control and find out the type of improvement most preferred by visitors. The quality of standard of green open space is pursued through sound masking, active noise cancellation, and convolution in sound signal conditioning. The convoluted sound signal is traffic noise with a convolved signal in the form of bird noise, water rush, and relaxation music. From the results of the improvement of the sound signal then tested on 30 respondents through a comparison test method.

Desain Efisiensi Energi Penggunaan Lampu pada Perpustakaan Lantai 5 ITS Surabaya: Suyatno Suyatno, Maslahah Maslahah, Susilo Indrawati Suyatno Suyatno; Maslahah Maslahah; Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 16 No 3 (2020): October 2020 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v16i3.6223

Pencahayaan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam pemanfaatan ruang perpustakaan. Nilai kuat pencahayaan minimal yang dianjurkan pada ruang perpustakaan adalah 300 lux [5]. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besar dan kemerataan nilai kuat pencahayaan di ruang baca perpustakaan lantai 5 ITS Surabaya dengan melakukan pengukuran dan simulasi menggunakan software DIALux 4.13 untuk kondisi existing. Pengukuran kuat pencahayaan dilakukan pada 31 titik dengan ketinggian 1 meter di atas bidang kerja. Pada kondisi eksisting, jumlah lampu yang dipakai adalah 112 lampu Philips tipe 1xTL-D36W/54-765 dengan daya sebesar 43 Watt dan menghasilkan fluks luminus sebesar 2500 lumen, 19 lampu 2xTL-D36W/54-765 dengan flux luminus 5000 lumen berdaya 85 Watt, dan 6 buah lampu philips RS061B 1xLED tipe 5-36-/830 berdaya 6 Watt dengan fluks luminus 480 lumen. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh diketahui bahwa nilai kuat pencahayaan rata-rata 90,27 lux. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa kuat pencayahaan di perpustakaan belum memenuhi standart untuk ruang baca. Sedangkan untuk keseragamannya sebesar 0,48 di bawah standart yang seharusnya yaitu 0,6 [4]. Sementara untuk daya total yang dibutuhkan 6467 Watt. Pada simulasi perbaikan dengan mengganti semua lampu TL di area baca dan rak buku dengan lampu philips LL 121X 1xLED45S/840 O 4200 lm sebanyak 129 lampu berdaya 32 Watt didapatkan hasil kuat pencahayaan rata-rata sebesar 344 lux dan kemerataannya 0,62. Penggunaan jenis lampu ini juga mampu menurunkan penggunaan daya sebesar 4164 watt dari kondisi awal 6467 watt, atau lebih efisien 36% dibandingkan dengan kondisi awal.

Pengaruh Sudut Lubang pada Sonic Crystal terhadap Atenuasi dengan Bahan Pipa PVC: Gontjang Prajitno, Catharina Risti Indriyani, Suyatno Suyatno Gontjang Prajitno Gontjang Prajitno; Catharina Risti Indriyani Catharina Risti Indriyani; Suyatno Suyatno
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 16 No 1 (2020): January 2020 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v16i1.6211

In this sonic crystal research, a 1.5 " diameter and 1.1 meters long PVC pipe was used. The panel was designed to have a 3-row square configuration with a filling ratio of 0.5, several pipes are 16 for each row and each pipe was given a hole (perforation) with a radius of holes are 6 mm. The study was conducted with variations in the number of holes 2, 4, 6 and 8 holes and the direction of the angle of the sound source with holes 0, 30, 90, 150, and 1800 . optimal, where the attenuation average is -10.66 dB, while the average attenuation at 00 is -4.0 dB, at 900 is -6.7 dB, at 1500 is -4.0 dB and at an angle of 1800 of -4.4 dB. Besides, the number of holes in this study affects the attenuation of sound and shifting the frequency of resonance, the more holes in the pipe, the greater the decrease in SPL.

Kemampuan Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Panel Akustik Refuser (Resonator - Difuser) Dalam Menyerap dan Mengisolasi Bunyi: Susilo Indrawati, Suyatno, Lila Yuwana Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati; Suyatno Suyatno; Lila Yuwana Lila Yuwana
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 15 No 2 (2019): June 2019 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v15i2.5244

Echoes in auditorium could be improved by adding absorbent materials. The consequence of this is an emerge of various sound distribution. Therefore, this article performs the combination of two functions of a material, i.e as resonator and diffuser (known as refuser"). Coconut shells are cut into rectangles with a size of 3 cm x 3 cm, and given holes in the middle of about 1 mm and arranged into mosaic. Then, mosaic is combined with rockwool to be a refuser. The tests involve two types of measurements, i.e determining the value of the absorption coefficient () and noise reduction (NR). These test method uses the impedance tube method to determine the ability of the refuser to absorb and isolate the sound. The results shows that the addition of the mosaic (coconut shells) is able to double the value of to 0.64 at a frequency of 250 Hz. In other words, the refuser could behave as a resonator. Furthermore, the refuser is able to increases the NR value at frequencies above 1000 Hz (30-40 dB) and able to be used as absorber sound at low frequency (250 Hz) and in higher frequencies (>= 1000 Hz).

Evaluasi Parameter Akustik Objektif Gereja X di Surabaya: Gontjang Prajitno, Regina Ratu, Susilo Indrawati, dan Suyatno Gontjang Prajitno Gontjang Prajitno; Regina Ratu Regina Ratu; Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati; Suyatno Suyatno
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 14 No 2 (2018): June 2018 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v14i2.3687

The church is one of the buildings that has a solemn image and wisdom, so the difference from the sound pressure, the loudness of the sound and the sound journey that will determine the quality and quantity of the resulting sound impact the comfort of each congregation and the purpose of each event.In an effort to meet the standards of a church worship space, this research is aimed at knowing the distribution of parameter values residing in the congregation. The parameters evaluated include the spreading of the sound pressure level, the dispersion of the humming time, the distribution of the sound clarity of D50 (definition) and the C80 (clarity) of the musical sound. In this research, the testing was done in the X church worship room in Surabaya. From the measurement and analysis it is found that the value of noise criteria in the X church worship room is NC 40 s.d NC 45. This value is still above the recommended noise level for the function of the church worship room. The humming time parameter ranges from 0.42 to 0.568 seconds.The C80 value ranges from 2.94 dB to 12.38 dB. So overall the value of the humming time has not met the standard and for the value of C80 still not meet the standard. Meanwhile, for the value of D50 which states the clarity of vowel sounds worth between 36.82% to 86.96% has met the standard at some point, for space with speech function.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Tempurung Kelapa Muda sebagai Alternatif Material Akustik: Susilo Indrawati, Suyatno Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati; Suyatno Suyatno
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 13 No 3 (2017): October 2017 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v13i3.2842

This research will utilize coco shell as an acoustic tile, specifically resonator so that a coco shell has a better value. Coco shell used will be a young coco shell, since its a rarely utilized waste. The resonator will be tested in regard of its ability to absorb and scatter sound. This research consists of a test to determine the value of the absorption coefficient of the material, the scattering pattern panel, and the determination coefficient scattering. The purpose of this research in addition resonator has aesthetic value currency will also have more value in the acoustic space. Acoustic room means a room that requires special treatment in acoustic music studio room, for example, broadcast, places of worship, home theatre, music chamber, and others. The absorption coefficient for convex shell has greater value than the concaves, especially at a frequency of 1000 Hz and 4000 Hz. Perforate addition in the convex shell makes the scattering pattern smoother. The addition of sugar cane pulp has the same scattering pattern. The scattering coefficient has a negative values exception at a frequency of 500 Hz, especially for acoustic panels are arranged in convex and convex panels that filled by bagasse. When the measurement in an anechoic chamber, the result says that panels made from young coconut shell either arranged convex and concave above can reduce the frequency of 1500 Hz. there is perforation/hole on the composition of convex shell panels capable of lowering the level of pressure above 1000 Hz.

Analisis Kebisingan Arus Lalu Lintas terhadap Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar (KBM) di SMA Swasta Surabaya: Susilo Indrawati, Beta Bayu Santika, Suyatno Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati; Beta Bayu Santika Beta Bayu Santika; Suyatno Suyatno
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 13 No 1 (2017): January 2017 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v13i1.2131

Noise that we experienced daily are mainly caused by industry, train, plane, and traffic activity. Nowadays, traffic are the min cause for noise, because the noise caused by traffic have systemic cause, meanwhile other source of noise are rather local. Anyone that have activity whether its outside or inside a building near a traffic dense road will be affected by the noise. Noise will affect to the deteriorating of the hearing and child concentration. Khadijah school is one of the school that heavily affected by traffic noise. The school sit near a heavy traffic road, which caused a lot of noise. From the sound pressure level (SPL), the noise caused by the traffic reached 87 dB. The noise criteria (NC) in the parking area of the school reach 78 dB, while inside the school the NC reach 70dB. While according to some research and regulation, the NC in school area should be around 55dB. By analyzing the faade of the classroom wall, its found that the wall have great noise reduction. The faade is made from double wood door with 3cm thickness, 3mm glass windows, and brick wall with 10cm thickness. The material used in the building are up to standard, but it need some adjustment. The first adjustment should be adding an insulation material on the hallway that connected directly to the noise source the second adjustment should be minimalizing the gap in the door and windows by using a rubber so that the noise couldnt pass through the gap.

Karakteristik Akustik Ruang Sidang Jurusan Fisika FMIPA-ITS sebagai Ruang Konferensi: Suyatno, Susilo Indrawati Suyatno Suyatno; Susilo Indrawati Susilo Indrawati
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 13 No 1 (2017): January 2017 Edition
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v13i1.2133

Acoustic parameter value required for conference room is the loudness and clarity of votes received by each participant. To get the quantification of these parameters, the necessary measurements of the distribution of acoustic parameters include SPL, C80, D50, and RT. SPL distribution measurement is done by using the sound source berupawhite noise of loudspeakeryang placed in leadership positions (front) and the receiver (in this case microphones) in the viewing area. As for the measurement of RT, C80 and D50, is done by providing a source of steady sound level of 100 dB or front impulsdi response resources. As the space for meetings (conferences), the space has a dimension of 10 m x 14 m are expected every participant will receive sound directly from the source. From the measurement results, the value of the acoustic parameter space has a different value of SPL between front and rear position reaches more than 8 dB, while the reverberation time parameter values from 1.0 to 1.28 s, C80 by 1–4 dB and D50 is 41–55%. This value meets the prerequisites as a conference room, but the need for improvements to the distribution parameter SPL. For that we need special treatment to the distribution of SPL in order to be equitable. In the end, all participants will feel comfortable when attending meetings or activities performed in that space.

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