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Bambang Eko Muljono
Faculty of Law, University of Islam Lamongan
Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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The Concept of Concursus Realis in Criminal Law; A Legal Study of The Crimes of Rape and Murder Fajar Seto Nugroho; Mega Ayu Ningtyas; Bambang Eko Muljono; Ferdiansyah Safi’i Hidayatullah
Jurnal Independent Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Independent
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/ji.v13i2.388

Abstract

Concursus realis in cases of rape accompanied by murder based on the provisions of criminal law in Indonesia in Article 65 of the Criminal Code (KUHP) provides for one sentence for perpetrators who commit two independent crimes simultaneously but have never had a previous court decision. The research method used is a normative legal approach by analyzing laws and regulations and accountability for related cases. The results of the study indicate that the application of concursus realis allows perpetrators to be subject to one sentence with a maximum sentence and can be increased by one third of the heaviest sentence, as long as there is an element of intent, the ability to be legally responsible, and the absence of a valid excuse. This principle is important to ensure justice in sentencing, not only based on criminal acts, but also the awareness and will of the perpetrator when committing the crime. In addition, the study highlights the need for caution and thoroughness of law enforcement officers and judges in implementing this provision, especially in cases related to human rights violations that have existed since birth which must be protected and respected. In cases involving human rights, such as rape and murder, the application of the law must be based on the national legal system. It is hoped that the results of this study can provide academic and practical contributions in supporting the enforcement of concurrent criminal law in Indonesia, as well as being a consideration for law enforcement so that the judicial process runs fairly and effectively.
Legal Liability of Beauty Product Business Owners for Overclaims on Products Suisno; Bambang Eko Muljono; Nur Rahmah Saputri; Achmad Ausathuha
Jurnal Independent Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Independent
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/ji.v13i2.390

Abstract

The beauty product industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid growth which has also triggered the practice of overclaiming by business actors, namely excessive claims to the benefits or content of products without scientific basis. This practice misleads consumers and poses health risks, especially in skincare products. This research discusses two problem formulations: namely how the legal responsibility of business actors for the practice of overclaim, and how legal protection for consumers. This research uses normative juridical methods through statutory and conceptual approaches, the results of this study indicate that business actors can be held civilly, administratively, and criminally liable in accordance with the GCPL and BPOM regulations. Legal protection of consumers is carried out preventively, namely prevention efforts carried out before violations of consumer rights occur and repressive, namely a form of protection that includes dispute resolution, either through the court, the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK), or the provision of administrative and criminal sanctions to business actors who violate legal provisions.
Protection of Personal Data Against Doxing in Online Streaming Platforms Fajar Seto Nugroho; Mega Ayu Ningtyas; Bambang Eko Muljono; Ferdiansyah Safi’i Hidayatullah
Jurnal Independent Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Independent
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/ji.v14i1.406

Abstract

The rapid development of technology and information today has given rise to new crimes, one of which is doxing on online streaming platforms. Doxing has become a serious threat due to the rapid exchange of information today. Based on the above background, the author would like to propose a problem formulation, namely, first, what are the legal regulations for protecting personal data on online streaming platforms? And second, what are the legal sanctions for doxing perpetrators on online streaming platforms? In this study, a normative juridical research method was used with a statutory and conceptual approach. With primary legal materials. From the research results it can be concluded that: first, the legal rules for protecting personal data in online streaming platforms are that online streaming platforms that process and control personal data must be in accordance with the objectives, obtain the consent of the person concerned, be transparent, have adequate security and protect against unauthorized access or distribution in accordance with articles 16 to 39, related regulations also exist in the processing of personal data carried out by protecting the security of personal data from loss, misuse, access and unauthorized disclosure in accordance with Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 concerning the implementation of electronic systems and transactions, article 14 paragraph (1) letter (e) And secondly, the legal sanctions for doxing perpetrators in online streaming platforms can be punished with a maximum of 4 years in prison and a maximum fine of 4,000,000,000 (four billion rupiah), in accordance with Article 67 paragraph (2) of Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning the protection of personal data, in carrying out doxing the perpetrator must also collect the personal data of the victim, this has violated Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning the protection of personal data including Article 67 paragraph (1) carries a maximum prison sentence of 5 years and a maximum fine of 5,000,000,000 (five billion rupiah).
Juridical Review of The Service Bureau in Assistance in The Management of Motor Vehicle Tax Payments Suisno; Devi Kasumawati; Bambang Eko Muljono; Akhmad Syariffudin Ramadhoni
Jurnal Independent Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Independent
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/ji.v14i1.408

Abstract

This study discusses the legality of service bureaus in assisting with motor vehicle tax administration and the potential for fraudulent practices that may occur in their implementation. The use of service bureaus by the public to facilitate the administrative process of motor vehicle tax payments is becoming increasingly common. However, this trend has not been matched by clear legal regulations regarding the status and operations of such service bureaus. The purpose of this study is to examine the legal status of service bureaus from the perspective of Indonesian legislation and to identify potential legal violations committed by certain individuals within these bureaus. The research method used is Normative Legal Research, a method aimed at examining laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and legal concepts related to the issues under study. Normative legal research was chosen because the primary focus of this study is the analysis of legal rules concerning motor vehicle taxation and the legality of service bureaus that assist with the payment process. There is a need for more explicit and specific legal regulation to prevent abuse and to provide legal certainty in the use of service bureaus related to motor vehicle tax administration.
Co-Authors Achmad Ausathuha Akhmad Syariffudin Ramadhoni Devi Kasumawati Fajar Seto Nugroho Ferdiansyah Safi’i Hidayatullah Mega Ayu Ningtyas Nur Rahmah Saputri Suisno