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All Journal DIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar TARBIYA ISLAMIA : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Keislaman
Okta Vitriani
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Education Social Sciences

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The Invisible Curriculum That Shapes Character: A PRISMA-Based Systematic Review of Hidden Curriculum in Elementary Schools Okta Vitriani; Sukiman
DIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 9, NUMBER 1, 2026
Publisher : Program Studi PGSD, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the role of hidden curriculum in the character education of elementary school students through the Systematic Literature Review approach based on the PRISMA protocol. Data was collected from Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar as of June 7, 2026 using a title-abs-key search strategy, with a total of 136 initial articles filtered into 26, then 15 at the eligibility stage, and finally 11 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the study show that the hidden curriculum is implemented through habituation of religious activities, teacher examples, discipline culture, as well as social interaction and extracurricular activities that are integrated into school culture. The practice contributes to the formation of characters such as discipline, religious, responsibility, social concern, honesty, and creativity which are reflected in the changes in students' daily behavior. However, its effectiveness varies depending on contextual factors such as teacher consistency, school culture, and family support. The relationship between hidden curriculum practices and behavioral changes is implicit causal through habituation, modeling, and social reinforcement mechanisms. These findings imply that educators and policymakers need to institutionalize the hidden curriculum through strengthening school culture, teacher exemplary training, and integration in systematic character education programs.
MAKNA PUASA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KONTROL DIRI ANAK MI: TINJAUAN PSIKOLOGI ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF PENGKAJIAN ISLAM Okta Vitriani; Ahmad Arifi
TARBIYA ISLAMIA : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Keislaman Vol. 16 No. 1 (2026): TARBIYA ISLAMIA
Publisher : Islamic Education Department, Islamic University of Majapahit (Universitas Islam Majapahit) Mojokerto, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36815/tarbiya.v16i1.4508

Abstract

Character education at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) level places self-control as an essential competency in supporting the academic, social, and moral development of students. Contemporary basic education challenges, such as increased exposure to technology, changes in social interaction patterns, and weak regulation of children's emotions, require an educational approach that is not only cognitive but also value- and spiritually-oriented. In the context of Islamic education, fasting is a form of worship that has both ritual and psychological-educational dimensions that have the potential to shape self-control from an early age. This study aims to examine the meaning of fasting from an Islamic perspective and its relevance to the formation of self-control in MI children through the framework of Islamic psychology. The study used a qualitative approach with a literature review design, analyzing primary Islamic sources (the Qur'an, hadith, and tafsir) as well as secondary literature in the form of Islamic psychology books and national and international journal articles from 2019 to 2024. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to synthesize the concepts of fasting, self-control, and child development characteristics. The results of the study show that fasting can be interpreted as a means of practicing self-control, developing patience, forming discipline, and strengthening self-awareness, which are relevant to the psychological development stages of MI children, as long as it is implemented gradually and supported by a contextual pedagogical approach.
Co-Authors Ahmad Arifi Sukiman