Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.408
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This Author published in this journals
All Journal JOURNAL LA MEDIHEALTICO Journal of Asian-african Focus in Health
Akina Maulidhany Tahir
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Literature Review of Visit to Visit Lipid Variability as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Events Aidina Trini Aulia; Nurhikmawati Nurhikmawati; Akina Maulidhany Tahir; Fadillah Maricar; Purwati Pole Rio
Journal La Medihealtico Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Journal La Medihealtico
Publisher : Newinera Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/journallamedihealtico.v7i1.2943

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains a major global health problem due to its substantial contribution to morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization reports that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for approximately 17.9 million deaths each year. In Indonesia, reports from the Ministry of Health show a persistent increase in cardiovascular disease prevalence. Dyslipidemia, defined as an imbalance in blood lipid levels, is a major modifiable risk factor associated with cardiovascular events, making lipid control a key focus of preventive strategies. Visit to visit lipid variability (VLV) refers to fluctuations in lipid parameters such as total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides across different clinical visits over a certain period. Recent studies indicate that higher variability in lipid levels is independently associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. This study adopted a literature review design to examine the role of VLV as a predictor of cardiovascular events. Ten national and international journal articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reviewed evidence consistently shows that high variability in lipid levels, particularly LDL-C and HDL-C, is linked to a greater risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, acute coronary syndrome, and cardiovascular-related death in various populations, including patients with diabetes mellitus and familial hypercholesterolemia. Conversely, maintaining stable lipid levels over time is associated with a reduced risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of continuous lipid monitoring and long-term lipid stability as essential components in efforts to prevent and control cardiovascular disease.
Pathomechanisms of Heart–Brain–Gut Axis Interactions in Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Evidence Mapping Raisha Aprilia Ilman; Akina Maulidhany Tahir; Dian Fahmi Utami; Fadhilah Maricar; Andi Muhammad Reis R Saiby
Journal of Asian-african Focus in Health Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Journal of Asian-african Focus in Health
Publisher : ScieClouds Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71435/742449

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Current scientific evidence shows that the interaction between the gut microbiota, central nervous system, and cardiovascular system known as the heart–brain–gut axis plays an important role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and the development of various heart diseases. This research uses systematic review and evidence mapping methods based on PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and ProQuest databases for articles published in 2021–2026. Articles that met inclusion criteria were extracted, narratively synthesized, and mapped to identify key mechanisms and research gaps. A total of 20 articles met the inclusion criteria, consisting of 15 literature-based articles and 5 original research articles. Evidence mapping results show that systemic inflammation is the most dominant mechanism, especially in coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis. Other important mechanisms include trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), endothelial dysfunction, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and the autonomic nervous system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota contributes to cardiovascular disease through increased proinflammatory metabolites, activation of immune responses, oxidative stress, and endothelial damage. Additionally, neural pathways via the vagus nerve and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis mediate bidirectional communication between the gut and brain that influences cardiovascular function. The heart–brain–gut axis is an integrated biological system that connects the gut microbiota, nervous system, immune system, and cardiovascular system. Systemic inflammation, TMAO, endothelial dysfunction, and microbiota dysbiosis are the main mechanisms underlying this association. Modulation of the gut microbiota has the potential to be a preventive and therapeutic strategy in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease.
Co-Authors Aidina Trini Aulia Andi Muhammad Reis R Saiby Dian Fahmi Utami Fadhilah Maricar Fadillah Maricar Nurhikmawati Abdullah Purwati Pole Rio Raisha Aprilia Ilman