Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Frugivorous bird characteristic of seed disperser in shrubland tropical forest West Java, Indonesia RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; ANI MARDIASTUTI; DEDY DURYADI SOLIHIN; REVIANY WIDJAJAKUSUMAH; SITI NURAMALIATI PRIJONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180133

Abstract. Partasasmita R, Mardiastuti A, Solihin DD, Widjajakusumah R, Prijono SN. 2016. Frugivorous bird characteristic of seed disperser in shrubland tropical forest. Biodiversitas 18: 263-268. Java has been experiencing a heavy deforestation in the 16th century. Combined with a densely human population, most forests have changed into open land with shrubs and secondary vegetation. For examples Bulbul, flowerpecker and White-eye are three large groups of frugivorous birds and has been known as an effective seed dispersal agent and fostering vegetation recovery. However, variations in the use of fruit by fruit-eating birds very closely linked to the characteristic morphology and feeding behavior. The proportion of fruit in the diet probably varies widely between species, but, for all the best-studied species, fruit it at last seasonally dominant. It is highly frugivorous, particularly in wet season, and consumes the full range of fruit types within itâ€™s gave limit, defecating (or, sometimes regurgitating) all seeds intact. According to the some reference that fruit consumers such as Bulbuls, Flowerpeckers, and White-eyes are some time is called seed dispersal. But there is no information on seed fate. So, this paper describes the frugivorous bird characteristic of seed disperser shrubland tropical forest at Panaruban, Subang. West Java, Indonesia. Observation of frugivorous birdâ€™s communities was used by capture-recapture method. The frugivorous bird morphology characteristic was measured which consisted of external morphology and digest system morphology. The result shown that frugivorous birds had gape width-height ratio of â‰¥ 0.90. Frugivorous bird thin-walled gizzard relationship with gizzard weight to determine safety of seed exit with feces in a state of is intact. There was strong interaction between frugivorous bird-fruit by gape width-height and fruit diameter. Keywords: Frugivorous birds, seed dispersal, guild, Panaruban

The practice of farming, processing and trading of tobacco by Sukasari people of Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia JOHAN ISKANDAR; BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR; AZRIL AZRIL; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 18 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180429

Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Azril, Partasasmita R. 2017. The practice of farming, processing and trading of tobacco by Sukasari people of Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1517-1527. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L) is an original crop of Cuba, Latin America, discovered by Christoper Columbus in 1492 and introduced to Europe. Moreover, it was distributed to Asia countries, including Indonesia. Local people of Sukasari village, Sukasari sub-district, Sumedang district, West Java, has cultivated tobacco for a long time, since the Dutch colonial, based on local ecological knowledge transmitted by inter-generations. As a result, local people of Sukasari village have rich knowledge on the tobacco. Nowadays, however, since the agricultural lands as well as tobacco farmers have decreased, the local ecological knowledge of the Sukasari people have eroded. This paper elucidates the local ecological knowledge of Sukasari people, Sumedang District of West Java on landraces, cultivation, process, and local trading of tobacco. The method used in this study was qualitative with descriptive analysis applying the ethnoecological approach. The result of the study showed that the Sukasari people have predominantly cultivated four landraces of the tobacco. The cultivation of tobacco include the selecting of seeds, nursery, preparing land, planting, caring, harvesting and processing of tobacco products, requiring diligent efforts and high skill. Today, the cultivation of tobacco has many constrains, such as climate anomalies, decrease of agricultural lands, and the lack of finance; consequently, the tobacco farmers have less enthusiasm to cultivate the tobacco. As a result of decreaase of tobacco cultivation, the local ecological knowledge of the Sukasari people has eroded and may extinct in the near future.

Ethnoveterinary medicine and health management of Pelung Chicken in West Java, Indonesia INDRAWATI Y. ASMARA; DANI GARNIDA; MARINA SULISYTATI; SAFITRI TEJANINGSIH; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 4 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190441

Asmara IY, Garnida D, Sulisytati M, Tejaningsih S, Partasasmita R. 2018. Ethnoveterinary medicine and health management of Pelung Chicken in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1502-1508. Pelung chicken is a race group of chickens. The spread of Pelung chicken is in the district of Cianjur, and now become widespread to several districts in West Java. The spread of Pelung chicken does occur because as a poultry, it is attractive  to people who like to keep the chicken. The chickens are mainly raised as singing chickens. Some studies showed that health-management practices and disease control measures present challenges in maintaining the existence of the chickens. A survey was carried out to determine health management and the use of ethnoveterinary in raising Pelung chickens. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data involving 131 Pelung keepers in four districts in West Java Province including Cianjur, Sukabumi, Bandung and Garut Districts. The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis. The result showed that respiratory diseases such as Snot (Infectious Coryza) and Tetelo (Newcastle Disease) were main diseases for Pelung chickens. Vaccination combined with ethnoveterinary medicines was a common practice for Pelung keepers to prevent and cure chicken diseases. More than five major medicinal plants were found to be used to cure various chicken diseases in which leaves of papaya and turmeric were the most mentioned by respondents. Documentation and investigations regarding plant properties and their applications for Pelung chickens disease cure should be carried in the future. A combination of vaccination, ethnoveterinary medicine and good hygiene are required to control deadly diseases such as Newcastle Disease. Government intervention would be required to improve keepers' skills and awareness in chicken health management.

Modeling the predicted suitable habitat distribution of Javan hawk-eagle Nisaetus bartelsi in the Java Island, Indonesia ILYAS NURSAMSI; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; NURVITA CUNDANINGSIH; HASNA SILMI RAMADHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 4 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190447

Nursamsi I, Partasasmita R, Cundaningsih N, Ramadhani HS. 2018. Modeling the predicted suitable habitat distribution of Javan hawk-eagle Nisaetus bartelsi in the Java Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1539-1551. Javan hawk-eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi) is an endemic raptor of Java Island. The conservation status of Javan hawk-eagle (JHE) according to IUCN is endangered (EN) and included in CITES Appendix II list, and this species is also protected by the Indonesian government law based on act no. 5, year 1990. The position of Javan hawk-eagle as a top predator is now very threatened by habitat fragmentation, wildlife trade, and the declining quality of its habitat. The primary purpose of this study was to give preliminary information about the distribution of predicted suitable habitat for JHE as a means of finding potential releasing sites, as an evaluation for habitat protection, and even as an option for the development of new JHE protected areas. However, mapping the spatial distribution of potential habitat for JHE using terrestrial survey is problematic because it requires enormous time, fund, and human resources. The most possible approach is by using Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM)/species distribution modeling (SDM). In this study, modeling exercise was conducted by using a maximum entropy method as an adaptation from Maxent software ver. 3.4.1, with the utilization of JHE-nest coordinate data and 16 environmental variables datasets as the main input. The predicted suitable habitat distribution map has shown a good match with historical and present records of JHE and has fairly succeeded in capturing a wide range of habitat patches from tiny spots to quite large suitable habitat. Modeling results also showed that altitude, annual mean temperature, and two types of land cover (closed shrub, and forest area) are considered to be most important variables affecting the distribution of potential habitat for JHE. Moreover, about 17.77% (23,209 km2) area of Java Island has been projected to be suitable for Havan Hawk-Eagle's habitat, which mostly spread in mountainous areas while also appear in several lowland areas. This study suggests the importance of topographic, climatic, and land cover as pivotal predictors in determining the suitability of habitat for JHE. This study also shows that the modeling results have a good match with the historical records of JHE across the island, which suggests the overall accuracy of the model.

The impacts of traditional homegarden conversion into the commercial one: A case study in Sukapura Village of the Upstream Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia JULIATI PRIHATINI; JOHAN ISKANDAR; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; DEDEN NURJAMAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190545

Prihatini J, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R, Nurjaman D. 2018. The impacts of traditional homegarden conversion into the commercial one: A case study in Sukapura Village of the Upstream Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1926-1940. In the past, rural homegardens in West Java were planted with various annual and perennial crops. As a result, the vegetation structure of traditional homegardens in rural areas of West Java, Indonesia was very complex, similar to that of forest vegetation. Nowadays, however, due to rapid development of market economic system in rural areas, many traditional homegardens in West Java have been converted into the commercial ones. Consequently, the structure and functions of the homegardens have drastically changed. For example, the vegetation structure has become simpler and dominated by commercial crops, and the gardens serve mostly economic function instead of providing various ecological, socio-economic and cultural functions. The aim of this study was to elucidate: (i) the ecological history of traditional homegardens, (ii) the changes of structure and functions of the homegardens converted from the traditional into the commercial one, and (iii) the positive and negative impacts of conversion of the traditional homegardens into the commercial ones in the Village of Sukapura, the Subdistrict of Kertasari, the District of Bandung, Upstream Citarum Watershed, West Java. The combination of qualitative and quantitative methods were used, while some techniques, including observations, and in-depth interviews with competent informants were applied in this study. The results of study showed that initially the traditional homegardens in Kertasari Village had been predominantly cropped with various annual and perennial crops. However, due to market economic development, the homegardens have been drastically changed. For example, the commercial vegetable crops, including Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L), carrot (Daucus carota L) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) have been predominantly cultivated in the commercial homegardens. Consequently, the household income of the village people who own the commercial homegardens increased, however, some ecological and socio-cultural functions of the commercial homegardens drastically decreased. In addition, some negative impacts of the commercialization of the homegardens have occurred. We suggest that to develop the sustainable village homegardens for the future, the diversity of plants must be maintained to provide ecological function or ecosystem services and the economic production must be improved to increase the income of the rural people.

Leunca (Solanum americanum Mill.): The uses as vegetable in two villages in Upper Citarum Area, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia DEDE MULYANTO; JOHAN ISKANDAR; OEKAN S. ABDOELLAH; BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR; SELLY RIAWANTI; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190546

Mulyanto D, Iskandar J, Abdoellah OS, Iskandar BS, Riawanti S, Partasasmita R. 2018. Leunca (Solanum americanum Mill.): The uses as vegetable in two villages in Upper Citarum Area, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1941-1954. Leunca is known as botanical name as Solanum americanum Mill, Family of Solanaceae. In recent years, academic interest has been increasing. After so long studied as weeds, today leunca has also studied because of its important meaning as crop that has high nutritional and economic value in relation to food resilience of developing countries, as because of its chemical substances with its medicinal properties. Leunca was recorded in colonial period by botanists or agricultural scientists’ report as local vegetable in rural of West Java also in modern time by anthropologist or ecologists who studying rural population. In the recent time in Indonesia, leunca studies almost all have been focused on its pharmacological, agronomic, and economic aspects. The aspect that is related to Sundanese sociocultural system was almost neglected. This paper presents the finding of research on ethnobotany of leunca includes landraces, agronomical and utilization, traditional institutional aspect, and culinary culture food habits of leunca in rural Sundanese people. Method used in this study mixed-method of qualitative and quantitative was applied in this study, while some techniques including observation and semi-structured interviews were carried in the field research. The result of study showed that based on informants it has revealed that 7 kinds of plant that are named as leunca, however, only 3 kinds of leunca that are grown in their village. Among 7 kinds of leunca, leunca biasa (S. americanum) has been predominantly consumed both fruits and leaves. There is various food dishes are consumed fresh or cooked. Various dishes of leunca biasa have been culturally integrated everyday life of people and culturally as part of people identity of Sundanese people (urang Sunda). Other kinds of leunca, including leaves of leunca manuk (variety of S. americanum) have been consumed leunca as cooked vegetable, and its leaves have been used as traditional medicine of pet chicken disease.

Impact of the green revolution on the gender’s role in wet rice farming: A case study in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur District, West Java, Indonesia RUHYAT PARTASASMITA; BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR; SITI NURAENI; JOHAN ISKANDAR
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200104

Partasasmita R, Iskandar BS, Nuraeni S, Iskandar J. 2019. Impact of the green revolution on the gender’s role in wet rice farming: A case study in Karangwangi Village, Cianjur District, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 23-36. The wet rice farming (sawah) is very complex that is determined by ecological and social economic and cultural factors, including soil conditions, water availability, weather and climate, population, local knowledge, beliefs, technology, and economy. In addition, wet rice farming is determined by the government policy and market economy. In the past, the Sundanese rural people of West Java practiced the wet rice farming based on the local knowledge or traditional ecological knowledge which is strongly embedded with local tradition, and division of labor based on the gender. Traditionally, most inputs of the wet rice farming, including rice seeds, organic fertilizer, and biopesticides were provided by internal resources of rural ecosystem. Both male and female farmers intensively involved in various t wet rice farming activities based on the gender which is embedded by local tradition. For example, female farmers involved work in various activities that do not need energy but need to be careful and diligent, including the selection of rice seeds. Conversely, some works, including hoeing and plowing, were undertaken by male farmers. In the late 1960s, the Indonesian government modernized the wet rice farming through the Green Revolution program. Consequently, most rural farmers of West Java adopted this program. This research aimed to elucidate the impact of the Green Revolution program on the wet rice farming activities of Karangwangi village, Cianjur, West Java based on the gender issue. Aqualitative method with an ethnoecological approach was used in this study, while some techniques including observation, participant observation, and semi-structured interview were applied in this research. Thestudy result shows that in the past the wet rice cultivation of Karangwangi was traditionally carried out based on the local knowledge and embedded with local cultures, including traditional beliefs. Various activities of each stage of the wet rice farming were undertaken by male and female farmers based on gender and strongly embed by local tradition. By introduction of the Green Revolution, the female farmers have still involved in various activities of the wet rice farming. However, some female activities, including observation of star in the sky, rice seed selection, and ponding of rice grains of post-harvesting have been lost due to the introduction of the Green Revolution.

Qualitative morphological diversity of female Pelung Chickens in West Java, Indonesia INDRAWATI Y. ASMARA; DANI GARNIDA; WIWIN TANWIRIAH; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 20 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200115

Asmara IY, Garnida D, Tanwiriah W, Partasasmita R. 2019. Qualitative morphological diversity of female Pelung Chickens in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 126-133. Pelung chickens are indigenous chickens in Indonesia derived from Cianjur District, West Java Province. The chickens which are raised as singing chickens have a distinctive body shape compared to other local chickens. Regular contests are conducted as a media to show singing ability and performance including morphological characteristics of Pelung chickens. Pelung keepers believe that the chickens inherited their singing capability from their parents. Pelung keepers perceived qualitative traits for example plumage color as an indicator of a good female breed. The objective of this study was to determine the qualitative traits of female Pelung Chickens in West Java. This study recorded comb type, color of eye, beak, skin, plumage and shank including traditional name related to the morphological traits. A survey was conducted to gather data involving 160 chickens in four districts in West Java Province, including Cianjur, Sukabumi, Bandung, and Garut Districts. The results showed that adult female Pelung chickens have similar qualitative characteristics except for plumage color. The majority of pelung chickens in Bandung, Garut, and Sukabumi have black plumage, while in Cianjur District have yellow-brown color. The chicken contest seems to be the main factor dictating keepers’ preferences in terms of plumage color in Bandung, Garut and Sukabumi Districts. This study indicates a decreasing variation in plumage color of female Pelung chickens. These findings are important in terms of breeding strategy of Pelung chickens.

Short Communication: Birth weight of a Holstein calf based on forefoot circumference LIA BUDIMULYATI SALMAN; WILLYAN DJAJA; ASEP ANANG; HENI INDRIJANI; RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 9 No. 4 (2017)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n090405

Salman LB, Djaja W, Anang A, Indrijani H, Partasasmita R. 2017. Birth weight of a Holstein calf based on forefoot circumference. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 367-370. Record of birth weight of Holstein calf can be used as consideration for selection. The purpose of this study is to determine the accuracy of birth weight based on regular measuring tape compared to Calf scale BW Tape. The records of calfâ€™s birth weight were collected from 1370 female calf birth records from PT Taurus Dairy Farm, Sukabumi. Birth weight measurements were performed by (i) measuring birth weight using Calf scale BW Tape (Nasco, Fort Atkinson, WI); (ii) predicting birth weight with regression based on the circumference of the right front toenails using regular measuring tape a day after the calf was born; (iii) weighing the calf with the scales. The results showed that the predicted birth weight of dairy cowâ€™s calves can be done by regular measuring tape with a polynomial regression equation, Y=(-6288,6)+(1378.8X)-(113.0X2)+(4.1X3)-(0.056X4), which has a deviation 0.5%, and 7.4% using Calfscale BW Tape. Conclusion of this research is that predicting birth weight of dairy cowâ€™s calves using regular measuring tape is more accurate than using Calfscale BW Tape

Title

Found 9 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 9 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 9 Documents
Search