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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Nusantara Bioscience
SUNARTO SUNARTO
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Other

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Next generation sequencing reveals plants consumed by the vulnerable ebony langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in a fragmented mountain forest Puguh Karyanto; Adifa Risa Bagasta; IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA; SHUKOR MD NOR; Sri Suci Utami Atmoko; Ari Susilowati; SUNARTO SUNARTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 9 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230943

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Abstract. Karyanto P, Bagasta AR, Nayasilana IN, Nor SMD, Atmoko SSU, Susilowati A, Sunarto 2022. Next generation sequencing reveals plants consumed by the vulnerable ebony langur (Trachypithecus auratus) in a fragmented mountain forest. Biodiversitas 23: 4759-4769. Many mountain forests on Java Island have suffered from forest degradation, fragmentation, and alien species invasion that cause a significant change in vegetation structure. This changing floristic structure may affect the foraging substrate of the foliage eater ebony langur, Trachypithecus auratus. Hence, ascertaining the plants eaten by the langur may contribute significantly to informing important ecological data about its foraging adaptation and conservation. We analyzed six fecal samples of the langur from three forest sites in Mount Merbabu National Park, Indonesia. This research used the plant mini barcode to sequence the ribulose-biphosphate carboxylase gene (rbcl) in the mitochondrial DNA of the plants eaten by the langur using the Next Generation Sequencing. We compare the NGS results to floristic reference data from a vegetation survey preceding the fecal analysis. The NGS found 238 OTUs that belong to 32 taxa. Most of the langur’s diet belongs to the lower crop community. The study’s results suggest that the ebony langur’s dietary composition shows an adaptation to the new floristic composition. However, since the habitat is continuously degraded, the stakeholders must perform appropriate home-building-based habitat management practices to conserve this vulnerable species.
Modeling the current habitat suitability of genus Selaginella in Java, Indonesia AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN; SUTARNO SUTARNO; SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO; SUNARTO SUNARTO; MUHAMMAD NUR SULTON; GILANG DWI NUGROHO; ILYAS NURSAMSI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270342

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Abstract. Setyawan AD, Sutarno, Sugiyarto, Sunarto, Sulton MN, Nugroho GD, Nursamsi I. 2026. Modeling the current habitat suitability of genus Selaginella in Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (3): d270342. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270342. Species Distribution Models (SDMs) have become essential tools in ecology, biogeography, biodiversity conservation, and natural resource management. Among the available approaches, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) is widely used to predict species distributions based on occurrence records and environmental variables. Selaginella (Selaginellaceae) is a lycophyte genus that depends on moist environmental conditions because free water is required for fertilization, making its distribution closely associated with climatic factors. This study aimed to model the current habitat suitability of Selaginella in Java, Indonesia, and to identify the climatic and topographic variables influencing its distribution. Occurrence records were compiled from field surveys, herbarium collections, and biodiversity databases, yielding 1,962 filtered records representing 21 accepted species and one unidentified accession. After data cleaning and 5-km spatial thinning, 811 occurrence records from 434 localities were retained for modeling. Twenty-two environmental predictors were evaluated, and model performance was assessed using cross-validation and Jackknife analyses. The MaxEnt model achieved good predictive performance (AUC = 0.811), indicating reasonably reliable discrimination between suitable and unsuitable habitats. Habitat suitability was primarily influenced by elevation (28.9%), Solar Radiation in April (19.4%), Precipitation of the Warmest Quarter (17.2%), and Annual Precipitation (17.0%). Response curves indicated optimal suitability at elevations of approximately 1,000–1,500 m above sea level under humid climatic conditions with high annual rainfall. Suitable habitats covered approximately 63,870.41 km², representing 49.19% of Java’s land area, and were concentrated in mountainous regions of West Java, Central Java, East Java, and the Dieng Plateau. These findings demonstrate that climatic and topographic conditions strongly influence the distribution of Selaginella in Java and provide a valuable baseline for conservation planning, habitat management, and future climate-change assessments.
The estimation of emission from the gateways to Surakarta City, Indonesia using the software of Mobilev 3.0 as the basis for an action plan of emission control SUNARTO SUNARTO; WIRYANTO WIRYANTO; WIDHI HIMAWAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080225

Abstract

Abstract. Sunarto, Wiryanto, Himawan W. 2016. The estimation of emission from the gateways to Surakarta City, Indonesia using the software of Mobilev 3.0 as the basis for an action plan of emission control. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 288-296. Surakarta is the center for activities of a pseudo area unit called Greater Solo, which includes several regencies nearby, bordering on Surakarta City. As a result, many commuters enter Surakarta daily, most of whom using personal vehicles, causing high emission from mobile sources, especially during working days. Heavy traffic can be seen in several main gateways to the city, namely two-way traffic section of Slamet Riyadi Street, Adi Sucipto Street, Ir Sutami Street, Yos Sudarso Street and Mangunsarkoro Street. Emission from transportation on those streets is higher than that of Central Business District (CBD). The objective of this study was to estimate the emission from mobile sources on the gateways to Surakarta City as an input for an action plan to reduce urban emission. The number of vehicles on the five gateways was counted by direct observation using CCTV belonging to the Office of Transportation, Communication and Information of Surakarta City in 2012. The estimation of emission from transportation was done using software of Mobilev 3.0. Data conversion was done using Microsoft Excel. The results showed that in 2012, the total Average Daily Traffic (ADT) on the five gateways was 442,959 units of vehicles. The highest ADT was found on Ir Sutami Street, which was 110,537 units/day. Most of the vehicles were motorcycles (75%) and personal passenger cars (17%). Other gateways had similar composition, but their exact numbers varied. This composition was an obvious indicator of community preference for personal vehicles over public transportation. The estimate of emission on the five gateways was 84.87 ton/yr of CH4, 1,829.56 ton/yr of CO, 46,212.03 ton/yr of CO2, 946.29 ton/yr of HC/NMVOC, 190.13 of NOx ton/yr, 14.75 ton/yr of PM10 and 2.52 ton/yr of NH3. The amount of emission was influenced by the number and composition of vehicles on each street. The total consumption of fuel on the five gateways was 14,884.35 ton/yr, mostly by motorcycles (34%) and personal passenger cars (29%). The composition of fuel was 61% of gasoline and 39% of diesel. Most of the time, the traffic scenario was heavy except for Ir Sutami Street and Mangunsarkoro Street in which the traffic was stopped and go.
Co-Authors Adifa Risa Bagasta AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN Ari Susilowati GILANG DWI NUGROHO IKE NURJUITA NAYASILANA ILYAS NURSAMSI MUHAMMAD NUR SULTON Puguh Karyanto SHUKOR MD NOR Sri Suci Utami Atmoko SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO SUTARNO SUTARNO WIDHI HIMAWAN WIRYANTO WIRYANTO