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ANURAGA JAYANEGARA
Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Physicochemical, thermal properties, and in vitro rumen fermentation of four different underutilized fruit by-products RUSLI FIDRIYANTO; GUNAWAN PRIADI; RONI RIDWAN; NAHROWI NAHROWI; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240457

Abstract

Abstract. Fidriyanto R, Priadi G, Ridwan R, Nahrowi N, Jayanegara A. 2023. Physicochemical, thermal properties, and in vitro rumen fermentation of four different underutilized fruit by-products. Biodiversitas 24: 2416-2425. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential use of selected agricultural wastes consisting of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Peel (MGP), pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel (PGP), kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Peel (KLP), and Melastoma candidum D.Don Fruit (MCF) as ruminant feeds and enteric methane mitigation. The samples were analyzed for proximate, phytochemical, enzyme inhibition activity, XRD, FTIR, TGA, and in vitro rumen fermentation. The study found that MCF had the highest protein content (105.69 g/kg DM), while KLP had the lowest crude fiber (115.89 g/kg DM). MCF extract had the highest total phenol and flavonoid, and PGP extract had the highest enzyme inhibition activity. XRD analysis showed that KLP had the highest crystallinity (18.23%), followed by MCF (17.95%). KLP had the highest potential gas production (147.78 mL), followed by PGP (62.20 mL), MCF (27.86 mL), and MGP (4.46 mL). In addition, rumen digestibility, post-rumen digestibility, and VFA followed a similar pattern. The lowest methane production was observed in MGP and MCF. In conclusion, kaffir lime peel is potentially used as ruminant feed due to its higher digestibility and VFA production. Although MCF has lower digestibility, it is potentially used as a source of phenolic compounds to reduce methane production due to its higher phenolic and flavonoid content.
Fermentation parameters in the rumen of goats supplemented with polyphenol oxidase derived from Gliricidia sepium leaves under in vitro conditions ASRI NURUL HUDA; AKHMAD SABARUDIN; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA; HENDRAWAN SOETANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 6 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240622

Abstract

Abstract. Huda AN, Sabarudin A, Jayanegara A, Soetanto H. 2023. Fermentation parameters in the rumen of goats supplemented with polyphenol oxidase derived from Gliricidia sepium leaves under in vitro conditions. Biodiversitas 24: 3282-3290. The growing demand for healthy foods derived from ruminant products is restricted by the high content of saturated fatty acids in meat or milk due to the process of rumen biohydrogenation. Recent reports from intensive studies using polyphenol oxidase (PPO), an enzyme in plants’ secondary metabolism, as the inhibitor of rumen biohydrogenation cost doubt of ruminant products. PPO is assumed to increase the supply of UFA by reducing the rate of biohydrogenation due to rumen microbes’ activity. Microbes of the rumen, including species of bacteria and protozoa are responsible for rumen biohydrogenation. The present study investigated the effect of adding PPO derived from Gliricidia sepium leaves on fermentation parameters in the rumen, including protozoa density and diversity, fatty acid profile, volatile fatty acid profile, and the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis under in vitro conditions. The experiment was carried out through an in vitro rumen fermentation method, consisting of five treatments, i.e., negative control, positive control, the addition of 0.1 ml, 0.3 ml, and 0.5 ml PPO emulsion. The most dominant type of protozoa among all treatments was Entodinium spp. PPO emulsion increases the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis and volatile fatty acid concentration. 0.5 ml PPO emulsion increases linoleic acid. In conclusion, this finding poses a question on the role of rumen protozoa in lipid biohydrogenation in the rumen. A further experiment on the benefits of adding PPO regarding rumen biohydrogenation under in vivo conditions is warranted.
Estimating nutrient composition and polyphenol concentration using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in tropical forages HIKMAH A. PARASTIWI; NENG SRI H. LESTARI; YULIANRI R. YANZA; VINCENT NIDERKORN; RONI RIDWAN; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 12 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d241227

Abstract

Abstract. Parastiwi HA, Lestari NSH, Yanza YR, Niderkorn V, Ridwan R, Jayanegara A. 2023. Estimating nutrient composition and polyphenol concentration using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) in tropical forages. Biodiversitas 24: 6652-6660. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of Near-Infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in determining nutrient composition and total phenol concentration in tropical forages. A total of 48 tropical forages from 33 species were subjected to measurements using conventional methods and NIRS equipment for rapid determination. The measured variables included Dry Matter (DM), ash, Crude Protein (CP), Ether Extract (EE), Crude Fiber (CF), and Total Phenolic (TP). The values obtained from NIRS were then statistically evaluated to obtain their coefficient of determination (R2), Standard Error (SE), and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Each tropical forage was assessed with three scanning repetitions, where two were conducted to calibrate NIRS determination, and another was performed to validate the NIRS results. All values obtained from the measured samples using both methods in this study were statistically analyzed through Partial Least Square (PLS) regression model. The results showed that the accuracy of NIRS for estimating nutrient content and total phenolic among different tropical forages was varied. NIRS was precise and accurate for estimating crude protein and total phenolic contents of tropical forages but showed lower accuracy for estimating EE content.
Chemical composition, in vitro rumen profile and methane emission of fermented and non-fermented grass-legume mixtures VITA APRIANI; YULIANRI RIZKI YANZA; WULANSIH DWI ASTUTI; VINCENT NIDERKORN; RIMA S. H. MARTIN; JIDAN RAMADANI; WELAS SRI MULYATI; ANURAGA JAYANEGARA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d260236

Abstract

Abstract. Apriani V, Yanza YR, Astuti WD, Niderkorn V, Martin RSH, Ramadani J, Mulyati WS, Jayanegara A. 2025. Chemical composition, in vitro rumen profile and methane emission of fermented and non-fermented grass-legume mixtures. Biodiversitas 26: 869-878. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of several grass-legume mixtures, either fermented or non-fermented, on chemical composition, in vitro rumen fermentation profiles, and gas and methane production kinetics. Seven tropical leguminous plants were investigated, i.e., Indigofera zollingeriana, Calliandra calothyrsus, Clitoria ternatea, Centrosema pubescens, Leucaena leucocephala, Bauhinia purpurea, and Arachis pintoi. Each legume was combined with Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) in a 50:50 ratio, prepared in both fresh (non-fermented) and fermented (silage) forms. A completely randomized factorial design was employed, with legume type as the primary factor and fermentation status (non-fermented vs fermented) as the secondary factor (N = 5 replicates per treatment). Results revealed that legume type significantly influenced (P<0.05) In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) and In Vitro Organic Matter Digestibility (IVOMD), with I. zollingeriana demonstrating the highest digestibility values. A significant interaction between fermentation and legume type was observed in reducing methane gas production (P<0.05). Both legume inclusion and fermentation effectively lowered methane emissions (P<0.05), with the lowest levels recorded for C. calothyrsus and B. purpurea. The study concluded that incorporating tropical legumes, in both fermented and non-fermented forms, into elephant grass can improve digestibility and mitigate methane emissions, with Indigofera and Calliandra showing the most promising results, respectively.
Co-Authors AKHMAD SABARUDIN ASRI NURUL HUDA GUNAWAN PRIADI HENDRAWAN SOETANTO HIKMAH A. PARASTIWI JIDAN RAMADANI NAHROWI NAHROWI NENG SRI H. LESTARI RIMA S. H. MARTIN RONI RIDWAN RONI RIDWAN RUSLI FIDRIYANTO VINCENT NIDERKORN VINCENT NIDERKORN VITA APRIANI WELAS SRI MULYATI WULANSIH DWI ASTUTI YULIANRI R. YANZA YULIANRI RIZKI YANZA