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All Journal Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas
Aji Agraning Bawono
BPH Migas
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy

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A Techno-Economic Framework for Natural Gas Pipeline Tariff Determination Under State Budget Financing: Evidence from The Semarang-Batang Open-Access Transmission Pipeline, Indonesia Aji Agraning Bawono; Sutrasno Kartohardjono
Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas Vol 49 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Testing Center for Oil and Gas LEMIGAS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29017/scog.v49i2.2117

Abstract

Natural gas pipeline tariff regulation in Indonesia has historically been designed for investor-financed infrastructure, where tariffs must recover capital costs at a commercially determined weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The Semarang-Batang Transmission Pipeline (Cisem Phase I)—the first open-access transmission pipeline in Indonesia constructed under State Budget (APBN) financing—demands a fundamentally different tariff framework. This study develops and evaluates two alternative tariff formulation models tailored to government-funded infrastructure: (i) the State Capital Participation (PMN) scheme, which recovers capital at the government's retail sukuk coupon rate (IRR = 3.97%), and (ii) the State Property (BMN) scheme, which waives capital recovery entirely and charges only a management fee (CAPEX = 0). Results show that the BMN scheme delivers the lowest tariff of USD 0.279/MSCF, representing 55.7% below the conventional WACC-based tariff (USD 0.630/MSCF) and 25.0% below the PMN scheme (USD 0.372/MSCF). Sensitivity analysis confirms the BMN scheme's structural advantage: it eliminates IRR-driven tariff volatility and maximizes affordability for industrial end-users. These findings provide a replicable techno-economic framework and a practical policy basis for BPH Migas in determining transportation tariffs for APBN-financed pipeline infrastructure across Indonesia.
Co-Authors Sutrasno Kartohardjono