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All Journal TOFEDU: The Future of Education Journal
Hafidz Ardi
Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Other

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The Dynamics of Islamic Theology from the Classical to the Modern: The Dialectic of Revelation, Reason, and Inclusivism Hafidz Ardi; Duski Samad; Firdaus ST Mamad
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 9 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i9.1259

Abstract

The development of Islamic theology (Ilmu Kalam) reflects a long intellectual journey shaped by political, social, and philosophical dynamics from the early period of Islam to the contemporary era. This article explores the evolution of theological thought ranging from classical schools such as the Khawarij, Mu’tazilah, Asy’ariyah, and Maturidiyah to modern inclusive theology. Using a qualitative library research method, this study examines how debates on divine justice, human free will, and the nature of God contributed to the emergence of various theological orientations. The findings reveal that classical theology emerged primarily as a response to political conflict and interaction with foreign philosophical traditions, especially Greek rationalism. In contrast, modern theology emphasizes inclusive, humanistic, and contextual approaches, represented by thinkers such as Nurcholish Madjid, Fazlur Rahman, and Hasan Hanafi. Their ideas shift theological discourse from a rigid, apologetic pattern toward a paradigm that promotes pluralism, social ethics, and interreligious engagement. This study concludes that Islamic theology remains dynamic and relevant, as it continues to negotiate between tradition and modernity, reason and revelation, and exclusivism and inclusivism.
The Behaviorist Learning Theory from an Islamic Psychopedagogical Perspective and Its Implications for Modern Learning Hafidz Ardi; Juliana Batubara; Nurfarida Deliani
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 9 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i9.1261

Abstract

This article explores the behavioristic learning theory from psychological, pedagogical, and Islamic perspectives. The study aims to analyze the fundamental concepts of behaviorism, including stimulus-response mechanisms, reinforcement, and habit formation, and to identify their relevance in contemporary education. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this article synthesizes the views of major behaviorist theorists such as Pavlov, Skinner, and Thorndike, along with Islamic perspectives on human potential and learning ethics. The findings show that behaviorism remains relevant in modern education, especially in structured learning, skill habituation, adaptive technology, and behavioral therapy. However, this theory needs to be integrated with cognitive, constructive, and spiritual dimensions to form a holistic learning framework-especially within Islamic education that emphasizes moral development and internal awareness.
The Ijtihad Method: Ijma' and Qiyas as Sources of Islamic Law from the Perspective of Usul Fiqh Sherli Dwi Andri Saputri; Hafidz Ardi; Khadijah Khadijah; Widya Sari
The Future of Education Journal Vol 4 No 9 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v4i9.1264

Abstract

This article examines the position and methodological foundation of Ijma’ (consensus of scholars) and Qiyas (analogical reasoning) as essential sources in Islamic legal theory. As new socio-economic and technological issues emerge, classical jurisprudential approaches require reinterpretation to maintain relevance. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method through literature review of classical and contemporary works in Ushul Fiqh. The findings show that Ijma’ provides definitive legitimacy to legal rulings when scholars reach unanimous consensus, while Qiyas enables legal extension based on shared effective causes (‘illah). However, debates remain regarding the authority of silent consensus (Ijma’ Sukuti) and the limit of analogical reasoning in complex modern cases. The novelty of this research lies in systematically linking classical arguments with contemporary legal challenges, offering a conceptual model for applying Ijma’ and Qiyas in modern jurisprudential contexts, especially in digital and socio-ethical issues.
The Implementation of Islamic Religious Education Learning Evaluation at SMPN 1 Bukit Sundi: A Study of Assessment Planning, Implementation, and Follow-Up Sherli Dwi Andri Saputri; Hafidz Ardi; Remiswal Remiswal; Khadijah Khadijah
The Future of Education Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah Yayasan Pendidikan Tumpuan Bangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61445/tofedu.v5i2.2094

Abstract

This study aims to examine the implementation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning evaluation at SMPN 1 Bukit Sundi, Solok Regency, West Sumatra, covering aspects of lesson planning, evaluation implementation, and follow-up actions on assessment results. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with an experienced PAI teacher. The findings reveal that: (1) the PAI teacher has developed teaching modules based on the Merdeka Curriculum by analyzing Learning Outcomes (CP) and Learning Trajectory (ATP); (2) evaluation encompasses three domains, namely knowledge, skills, and attitudes, with average student learning outcomes ranging from 75–80 and a mastery rate of 80–85%; (3) follow-up actions through remedial and enrichment programs have been systematically implemented; (4) several challenges persist in PAI learning, including low Quranic reading ability and the influence of technology on student motivation. This study concludes that the implementation of PAI evaluation at SMPN 1 Bukit Sundi is generally running well but still requires improvements in facility provision, methodological innovation, and synergy among school, teachers, and parents.
Co-Authors Duski Samad Firdaus ST Mamad Juliana Batubara Khadijah Khadijah Nurfarida Deliani Remiswal Remiswal Sherli Dwi Andri Saputri Widya Sari