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All Journal Fundamental : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Bulletin of Community Engagement ABDI KAMI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Nurfitriani
Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima, Indonesia
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Eksploitasi Anak Pada Tradisi Pacuan Kuda Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif Nurfitriani; Syarif Hidayatullah; Husnatul Mahmudah; Zuhrah; Gufran Sanusi
Fundamental: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 12 No. 1 (2023): Fundamental: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34304/jf.v12i1.102

Abstract

Penelitian ini tentang tradisi pacuan kuda yang menggunakan anak sebagai joki (joki cilik) di Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tentang ekploitasi anak yang terjadi pada tradisi pacuan kuda. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode yuridis empiris atau sosiological. Pendekatan yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pacuan kuda yang melibatkan anak sebagai joki adalah adanya ekploitasi ekonomi. Dimana anak-anak diarahkan untuk menjadi joki dengan harapan mendapatkan imbalan/upah. Anak-anak melakukan aktivitas sebagai joki menggadaikan nyawa karena hal tersebut sangat berbahaya baik secara fisik maupun psikis anak. Dalam perspektif sejarah, pacuan kuda di Bima tidak menggunakan anak-anak sebagai joki. Namun seiring waktu karena dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas perjudian, anak-anak menjadi pilihan terbaik agar kuda dapat berlari kencang. Keterlibatan anak menjadi joki menyebabkan permasalahan laten di masyarakat. Seperti adanya eksploitasi anak untuk meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga, sehingga hak dasar anak yang lain terabaikan. Berdasarkan analisis perspektif hukum Islam dan Hukum positif diketahui bahwa hak-hak anak yang lalai dalam pemenuhannya adalah: (1) Pendidikan formal yang terbengkalai; (2) rentan mengalami kecelakaan/luka fisik. Orang tua yang seharusnya memiliki kewajiban untuk memenuhi kebutuhan anak, bukan sebaliknya. Menempatkan anak sebagai pekerja sama halnya dengan mengabaikan kewajiban orang tua, serta mendzolimi anak karena memberikan beban berlebihan yang tidak sesuai dengan usianya. Kata Kunci: Eksploitasi, Anak, Joki, Pacuan Kuda
Gender Relations in Islamic Inheritance Law: A Comparative Study of Sunni and Shia Perspectives Zuhrah Zuhrah; Husnatul Mahmudah; Nurfitriani
Bulletin of Community Engagement Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Bulletin of Community Engagement
Publisher : CV. Creative Tugu Pena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51278/bce.v6i1.2510

Abstract

This study compared the Sunni and Ja'fari Shia approaches to the gender-based distribution of inheritance rights in Islamic law. The Sunni school generally maintained a literal interpretation of Qur'anic provisions, particularly Surah al-Nisāʾ verses 11 and 176, which prescribed a 2:1 inheritance ratio between male and female heirs and tended to reinforce a patriarchal legal structure. In contrast, the Jaʿfari Shia school placed greater emphasis on ijtihād and maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, thereby allowing a more adaptive and context-sensitive distribution of inheritance, particularly in relation to women's economic roles. This research examined the differences in gender perspectives within Islamic inheritance law as developed by the Sunni and Ja'fari Shia schools and analyzed their implications for justice. The issue was particularly significant because the Sunni system distinguished inheritance shares between sons and daughters, whereas the Jaʿfari system promoted a more bilateral principle in which gender positions within the line of inheritance carried almost equivalent legal weight, although inheritance ratios remained grounded in Qur'anic texts. This study employed a normative juridical approach based on library research, drawing on classical fiqh texts, interpretations of inherited verses, school-based legal literature, and empirical findings from scholarly journals published over the past decade. The findings indicated that the Sunni school tended to maintain a textual-literal approach that ensured legal certainty but was less responsive to changes in women's socio-economic roles. By contrast, the Jaʿfari Shia school developed a more contextual framework grounded in maqāṣid al-sharīʿah and maṣlaḥah, which allowed inheritance distribution to become more responsive and equitable. The novelty of this study lay in the formulation of a trans-madhhab analytical model that integrated normative inheritance law with the social realities of family life and proposed a framework for the reform of Islamic inheritance law that emphasized substantive justice and gender equality without ignoring the legitimacy of scriptural sources.
OPTIMALISASI DAKWAH KEMANUSIAAN PIMPINAN DAERAH AISYIYAH KABUPATEN BIMA MELALUI EDUKASI LEPRA DAN BUDAYA KONSUMSI BUAH BAGI MASYARAKAT BIMA Rahmawati; Husnatul Mahmudah; Zuhrah; Mega Oktaviany; Aman Maarij; Nurfitriani; Gufran; Nasrullah; Bulqis
ABDI KAMI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): (April 2026)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Agama Islam (IAI) Ibrahimy Genteng Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69552/2tfwta83

Abstract

Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara, recorded a leprosy incidence rate of 4.7 per 10,000 population in 2023, far exceeding the national elimination threshold of less than 1 per 10,000 established by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. This epidemiological situation is compounded by micronutrient deficiencies, particularly vitamin C and zinc found in local fruits, which play a crucial role in maintaining cellular immunity against Mycobacterium leprae. This community service aimed to optimize the humanitarian da'wah capacity of the Aisyiyah Regional Board (PDA) of Bima Regency through two integrated interventions: community-based education on early detection, prevention, and leprosy destigmatization; and strengthening the local fruit consumption culture as an immunonutrition strategy rooted in local wisdom. The methodological approach employed was Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR) involving 128 Aisyiyah cadres, 64 registered leprosy patients, and 240 family members from eight sub-districts over six months. The conclusion results show an increase in knowledge about leprosy by 67.4% (p<0.001), a decrease in community stigma scores by 41.2% based on the Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue–Stigma (EMIC-S) instrument, and an increase in the frequency of daily fruit consumption by 53.8% in the target group. The novelty of community service is the integration of the Muhammadiyah dakwah bil-hal framework with an immunonutrition approach based on local Bima fruit that has never been reported in previous community service literature. These findings provide an empirical basis for the formulation of a community health intervention model integrated with Islamic values ​​and local food potential.
Co-Authors Aman Maarij Bulqis Gufran Gufran Sanusi Husnatul Mahmudah Husnatul Mahmudah Husnatul Mahmudah Mega Oktaviany Nasrullah Rahmawati Syarif Hidayatullah Zuhrah Zuhrah Zuhrah