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All Journal Sumbula : Jurnal Studi Keagamaan, Sosial dan Budaya
Ahmad Mukafi
UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Religion Humanities Education Other

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The Paradox of Secularism and The Construction of Structural Islamophobia in France: : A Study of Public Policy, Media Representation, and Muslim Identity Ahmad Mukafi; Abd A'la; Amir Maliki Abitolkha
Sumbula: Jurnal Studi Keagamaan, Sosial dan Budaya Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): Juli
Publisher : Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Darul 'Ulum Jombang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32492/sumbula.v11i2.11219

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the paradox of French secularism or laïcité, which promises universal equality but instead results in structural exclusion for Muslim communities. Using a qualitative approach with a literature review, this research applies Philippe Bourbeau's securitization theory framework to examine various legal documents, public policy texts, and media discourse from 1905 to 2023. The main findings show that the principle of laïcité has undergone a transformation of function from a foundation of state neutrality to an instrument of securitization that legitimizes institutionalized Islamophobia. Data analysis reveals that state and media actors systematically frame Muslim identities and their religious attributes as an existential threat to republican values, leading to social alienation. This study concludes that national cohesion can only be achieved through a paradigm shift from a security approach to an inclusive model of secularism based on human rights that accommodates pluralism without discrimination. The novelty lies in integrating postcolonial critique with Bourbeau’s securitization to explain gendered Islamophobia in French laïcité. Keywords : Laïcité, Structural Islamophobia, France.
Co-Authors Abd A'la Amir Maliki Abitolkha