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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Jamu
Putu Yudha Ugrasena
Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, 80234, Bali
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Optimization of a Three-Extract Polyherbal Antioxidant Formulation Using Simplex Lattice Design Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini; Putu Yudha Ugrasena; I Gusti Ayu Widianti; I Made Oka Adi Parwata; I Made Agus Gelgel Wirasuta
Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 4 (2026): Jurnal Jamu Indonesia
Publisher : Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jji.v11i4.454

Abstract

Polyherbal formulations have attracted increasing interest because combining plant extracts may improve phytochemical composition and antioxidant performance. This study aimed to optimize the proportions of ethanolic extracts of Cinnamomum burmannii bark, Gyrinops versteegii leaves, and Caesalpinia sappan wood using a simplex lattice design. Ten formulations were generated and evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total tannin content (TTC), and DPPH radical-scavenging activity (IC₅₀). The optimized formulation contained 10.00% C. burmannii, 21.51% G. versteegii, and 68.49% C. sappan, with experimental values of 79.27 mg GAE/g TPC, 197.64 mg QE/g TFC, 102.08 mg TAE/g TTC, and an IC₅₀ of 24.78 µg/mL. Experimental verification closely agreed with model predictions, with an average relative deviation of 2.95%. These findings demonstrate that simplex lattice design is an effective approach for optimizing polyherbal antioxidant formulations based on integrated phytochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity.
Co-Authors I Gusti Ayu Widianti I Made Agus Gelgel Wirasuta I Made Oka Adi Parwata Ida Ayu Alit Widhiartini