Mustofa
UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia

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Fiscal Policy and Zakat: Their Impacts on Poverty Reduction in Banten Province, Indonesia Nursaman; Ahmad Lukman Nugraha; Ah. Fathonih; Mustofa; Surya Darma Syam; Ihksanudin
Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Studies Vol 7 No 1 (2026): JIEFeS, June 2026
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47700/jiefes.v7i1.11188

Abstract

Abstract Poverty remains a major development challenge in Indonesia, particularly at the regional level, where disparities in income distribution and access to economic opportunities persist. In addition to government fiscal interventions, zakat has emerged as an important Islamic fiscal instrument that can support poverty reduction efforts. However, empirical evidence regarding the combined contribution of fiscal policy and zakat to poverty reduction remains limited, particularly in regional contexts. This study aims to examine the impacts of fiscal policy and zakat on poverty reduction in Banten Province. This research employs a quantitative approach using panel data from five districts/cities in Banten Province during the period 2017–2021. Fiscal policy is represented by regional government expenditure (APBD), while zakat is measured through zakat collection and distribution data. The analysis employs panel data regression techniques to estimate the effects of fiscal policy and zakat on poverty reduction. The results indicate that fiscal policy has a significant effect on poverty reduction, suggesting that regional expenditure contributes to improving welfare and reducing poverty levels. Zakat also has a significant effect on poverty reduction through its role in supporting vulnerable households and enhancing social welfare. Furthermore, fiscal policy and zakat jointly strengthen poverty reduction efforts, demonstrating that public fiscal instruments and Islamic social finance can complement one another in addressing socio-economic challenges. This study contributes to the growing literature on poverty reduction by providing empirical evidence on the role of government fiscal policy and zakat in reducing poverty at the regional level. The findings suggest that stronger coordination between government expenditure programs and zakat management institutions can improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction strategies in Banten Province and other regions with similar socio-economic characteristics.   AbstrakKemiskinan masih menjadi salah satu tantangan utama pembangunan di Indonesia, khususnya di tingkat daerah yang masih menghadapi kesenjangan pendapatan dan keterbatasan akses terhadap peluang ekonomi. Selain intervensi fiskal pemerintah, zakat juga memiliki potensi sebagai instrumen fiskal Islam yang dapat mendukung upaya pengurangan kemiskinan. Namun demikian, kajian empiris yang menganalisis kontribusi kebijakan fiskal dan zakat secara simultan terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan, khususnya pada tingkat daerah, masih relatif terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan fiskal dan zakat terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan di Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan data panel yang mencakup lima kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Banten selama periode 2017–2021. Kebijakan fiskal direpresentasikan oleh realisasi Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD), sedangkan zakat diukur berdasarkan data penghimpunan dan penyaluran zakat. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel untuk menguji pengaruh kebijakan fiskal dan zakat terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan fiskal memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan melalui peningkatan aktivitas ekonomi, pelayanan publik, dan program kesejahteraan masyarakat. Zakat juga memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan melalui peningkatan kapasitas ekonomi kelompok masyarakat berpendapatan rendah dan penguatan perlindungan sosial. Selain itu, kebijakan fiskal dan zakat secara simultan memperkuat upaya pengurangan kemiskinan, yang menunjukkan bahwa instrumen fiskal pemerintah dan instrumen fiskal Islam dapat saling melengkapi dalam mengatasi berbagai permasalahan sosial ekonomi. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pengembangan literatur mengenai pengurangan kemiskinan dengan menghadirkan bukti empiris tentang peran kebijakan fiskal dan zakat pada tingkat daerah. Temuan penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa sinergi antara program belanja pemerintah daerah dan pengelolaan zakat yang lebih efektif dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan strategi pengurangan kemiskinan di Provinsi Banten.
DSN-MUI Fatwas and Islamic Retirement Planning: A Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah Review of Financial Security among Non-Civil Servant Lecturers in Indonesia Hisam Ahyani; Arifuddin Muda Harahap; Mustofa; Abdul Rahim; Indra Utama Tanjung; Naeli Mutmainah; Salisu Gumel
Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review
Publisher : MUI Sulawesi Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64016/parewasaraq.v5i1.78

Abstract

Retirement preparedness among non-civil servant lecturers in Indonesia has emerged as a critical issue due to the absence of comprehensive institutional pension schemes. This study critically examines the role of fatwas issued by the Dewan Syariah Nasional–Majelis Ulama Indonesia (DSN-MUI) in shaping Islamic retirement financial planning, employing a Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah framework. It focuses particularly on fatwas related to sharia investment, partnership contracts (muḍārabah and mushārakah), and Islamic capital market practices. Using a qualitative socio-legal approach, this research integrates normative analysis of DSN-MUI fatwas with empirical data from interviews with non-civil servant lecturers across several regions in Indonesia. The findings reveal a normative–practical gap: while DSN-MUI fatwas provide comprehensive ethical and legal guidance for halal financial planning, their application in retirement strategies remains partial and adaptive. Lecturers tend to adopt halal investment, productive assets, and entrepreneurial activities; however, these practices are not always directly grounded in specific fatwa reasoning but are mediated by general Islamic economic ethics. From a maqāṣid perspective, this reflects the realization of ḥifẓ al-māl, yet also indicates limitations in the operationalization of fatwa authority in everyday financial decision-making. This study argues that DSN-MUI fatwas function not only as doctrinal legal products but also as instruments of financial governance whose effectiveness depends on institutional dissemination and socio-economic context. By highlighting the gap between normative fatwa frameworks and lived financial practices, this research contributes to contemporary fatwa discourse, particularly in strengthening the role of fatwa governance in Islamic retirement planning and financial policy development.