Rizgar Sadiq Hamasur
hD Candidate, Department of Language and Literacy, Kulliyyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia

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Implementing the Principle of Discourse-Level Language by EFL Teachers: A Classroom Interaction Study Rizgar Sadiq Hamasur; Mohammad Azannee Saad
COMPETITIVE: Journal of Education Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): Transformative Education and Learning
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58355/competitive.v5i2.243

Abstract

Although Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach is widely adopted in many EFL countries, CLT principles are poorly implemented by EFL teachers. To date, little attention has been paid to teaching discourse-level language through everyday classroom interaction. This study aims to determine whether Kurdish EFL teachers implement the CLT principle of discourse-level language to develop students’ speaking skills. Four Kurdish EFL teachers were selected as participants through purposive sampling technique. Their interaction with students over two English lessons recorded and later transcribed following Jefferson Transcription System (2004). Transcripts were analyzed qualitatively following Conversation Analysis (CA) approach, which is a turn-by-turn examination. The findings showed that Kurdish EFL teachers did not implement the CLT principle of discourse-level language in secondary schools located in Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). Thus, the students tended to speak at the word and sentence levels. to speak English at the discourse (beyond the sentence) level. The findings provide significant contributions across various domains of CLT. Finally, this study is highly significant for EFL teachers to take discourse competence into consideration in the teaching of speaking skills.