Rabei Raad Ali
Artificial Intelligence Research Center, Northern Technical University, Iraq

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An integrated email security gateway and dual-layer frequency-domain watermarking framework for business transaction receipt authentication against generative AI manipulation Bonifacius Vicky Indriyono; Rabei Raad Ali
Journal of Soft Computing Exploration Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): September 2026
Publisher : SHM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52465/joscex.v7i3.77

Abstract

Business document forgery and email phishing have been significantly amplified by generative artificial intelligence, yet existing security frameworks address communication-channel protection and document authentication as separate concerns, leaving organizations vulnerable to coordinated multi-vector attacks. This research aims to design, implement, and evaluate a unified "Dual-Shield" framework that bridges this gap through an integrated, lightweight solution for real-time business operations. The proposed system combines a four-stage email security gateway—covering sender verification, URL analysis via VirusTotal API, and attachment sanitization—with a dual-layer digital watermarking engine applied to transaction receipt images. The watermarking component pairs a robust Discrete Wavelet Transform–Singular Value Decomposition layer for authorship attribution with a semi-fragile Quantization Index Modulation–Discrete Cosine Transform layer for monetary integrity verification, assessed via imperceptibility, robustness, and tamper-detection metrics on synthetic and real-world datasets. Results show the robust watermark achieved peak signal-to-noise ratio values of 43.38–43.48 dB with SSIM above 0.98. All generative AI manipulations were detected with bit error rates of 0.375–0.472, and targeted ten-percent numerical fraud was identified by the semi-fragile layer. The gateway correctly classified all test scenarios, confirming that malicious URL detection overrides trusted sender status to prevent whitelist exploitation.