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Feasibility Study of TiO2-Coal Fly Ash Photocatalysts for Simultaneous Organic Pollutant Removal and Hydrogen Evolution from Greywater Sri Hartuti; Leotrido Pahalatua Nababan; Hanggara Sudrajat; Nurmeizon Saleh
Dampak Vol. 23 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia's rapid industrialization has led to a significant increase in coal fly ash generation from coal-fired power plants, while simultaneously, domestic greywater from laundry activities remains largely discharged without adequate treatment. Both challenges present substantial environmental burdens that demand integrated and resource-efficient solutions. This study proposes the valorization of coal fly ash as a low-cost support material for TiO2-based photocatalysts synthesized via a sol–gel method, evaluated for simultaneous photocatalytic organic pollutant degradation and hydrogen evolution using real laundry greywater as the reaction medium. Coal fly ash was characterized prior to use through Loss on Ignition (LOI), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and slurry pH measurements to establish its physicochemical suitability as a catalyst support. A pretreatment protocol comprising sequential washing, mild acid neutralization, drying, and calcination was applied to stabilize surface chemical conditions before sol–gel synthesis. The synthesized TiO2–coal fly ash composite photocatalyst was immobilized on stainless steel substrates via brush coating and calcined at 400°C, then evaluated in a closed batch reactor under UV irradiation using real laundry greywater conditioned to a pH range of 6.0–7.5 through the addition of 0.1 N NaOH or 0.1 N HCl, followed by coarse filtration to remove large suspended solids prior to treatment. Characterization results confirmed the suitability of the coal fly ash as a support material, with a low LOI value of 1.66%, a silica–alumina-dominated composition (SiO2: 47.64%, Al2O3: 18.17%), and a slurry pH reduced from 11.25 to approximately 8.0 following pretreatment. Photocatalytic treatment over six hours reduced the organic content of greywater from 97.9 mg/L to approximately 45.1 mg/L, corresponding to a removal efficiency of approximately 54%. Qualitative evidence of reducing gas formation, consistent with photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, was detected using a semiconductor-based MQ-2 gas sensor under nitrogen-purged anaerobic conditions, suggesting the concurrent occurrence of oxidative and reductive pathways within the photocatalytic system. These findings demonstrate the technical feasibility of valorizing coal fly ash as a functional TiO2 photocatalyst support for integrated greywater treatment and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, providing baseline performance data for the development of a low-cost, dual-function photocatalytic system applicable at household or communal scales in Indonesia. Quantitative hydrogen production analysis and advanced catalyst characterization are identified as priorities for subsequent research stages.
Rencana Sistem Pengelolaan Sampah Di Kampus 2 ITP Padang Ditinjau Dari Aspek Teknis M Andre Kurnia Fresta; Nelvidawati Nelvidawati; Vina Azatri; Sri Hartuti
Menara Ilmu : Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah Vol 20, No 1 (2026): Vol 20 No. 01 OKTOBER 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31869/mi.v20i1.8528

Abstract

Pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan perguruan tinggi perlu direncanakan berdasarkan karakteristik timbulan, komposisi, sumber sampah, serta kondisi sarana yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis timbulan dan komposisi sampah serta menyusun rencana sistem pengelolaan sampah di Kampus 2 Institut Teknologi Padang ditinjau dari aspek teknis. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengukuran timbulan dan komposisi dilakukan secara langsung selama delapan hari dengan penimbangan berat dan pengukuran volume, sedangkan kondisi eksisting diperoleh melalui observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total timbulan sampah sebesar 265,87 kg selama delapan hari atau rata-rata 33,23 kg/hari, dengan volume rata-rata 645 L/hari. Komposisi terbesar adalah botol air mineral sebesar 27,15%, plastik kemasan 26,44%, sampah organik 18,31%, kertas 17,99%, dan styrofoam 10,12%. Kondisi eksisting belum menerapkan pemilahan di sumber maupun di TPS; pengumpulan dilakukan setiap hari dan pengangkutan dari TPS dilakukan setiap tiga hari. Berdasarkan karakteristik tersebut, sistem yang direncanakan menerapkan pemilahan awal menjadi sampah basah dan sampah kering, dilanjutkan pemilahan berdasarkan jenis material pada fasilitas pemrosesan. Wadah direncanakan menggunakan satu unit 60 L untuk sampah basah dan enam unit 120 L untuk sampah kering dengan faktor keamanan 20%. Sampah organik sebesar 6,08 kg/hari diarahkan ke pengomposan Takakura dengan empat unit keranjang, sedangkan kertas dan botol air mineral diarahkan untuk pemanfaatan atau daur ulang. Residu yang tidak dapat dimanfaatkan ditangani lebih lanjut melalui pengolahan termal dengan memperhatikan pengendalian emisi dan keselamatan.Kata Kunci: timbulan sampah, komposisi, pewadahan, Takakura, pengelolaan kampus