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Rima Choirotun Arifah
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other

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Tingginya Biaya Politik dalam Pemilu di Indonesia: Analisis UU No. 7 Tahun 2017 dan Tawaran Sistem Campuran antara Proporsional Terbuka dan Tertutup Rima Choirotun Arifah
Journal Law and Government Vol 4, No 2 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jlag.v4i2.41474

Abstract

The high cost of politics in Indonesia's general elections is a critical structural issue threatening the quality of democracy and the integrity of political representation. This study analyzes the causal link between the open-list proportional representation system stipulated in Article 168 (2) of Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections and the escalating financial burden on candidates, while proposing a Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP) system as a constitutional law reform alternative (ius constituendum). Employing a qualitative normative legal research method combined with a comparative legal approach, this article examines legal norms, campaign finance mechanisms, and the institutional experiences of Germany and Japan. The findings demonstrate that the open-list system fuels intense intra-party competition and capital-centric candidate campaigns, leading to hyper-inflated election expenditures and endemic vote-buying practices. Conversely, while closed-list proportional representation minimizes candidate spending, it risks entrenching intra-party oligarchy and alienating voters from their representatives. Consequently, the MMP system is presented as a contextual solution that harmonizes political party institutionalization with popular sovereignty, effectively curbing candidate campaign costs through a balanced allocation of single-member district seats and proportional party-list seats.
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