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All Journal Pandecta : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Hukum (Research Law Journal) Lex Scientia Law Review
Mustofa Abdul Basir
Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Electronic Land Certificates: A Breakthrough in Digital Transformation or a New Challenge to Legal Certainty Mustofa Abdul Basir; Pipit Saputri Utami; Rofi Wahanisa; Suhadi Suhadi
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v21i1.39090

Abstract

Digital transformation in the legal sector has become inevitable, including in Indonesia’s agrarian governance system through the implementation of electronic land certificates. Nevertheless, the transition from conventional land certificates to digital documents also generates challenges related to legal certainty and public trust toward digital governance. This article aims to analyze whether electronic land certificates represent a genuine digital breakthrough or instead create new legal and social vulnerabilities. This study employs a qualitative approach through analytical methods and secondary data observation. The findings demonstrate that the success of electronic land certificates is not solely determined by technological sophistication, but also by regulatory readiness, institutional accountability, cybersecurity protection, and the level of public digital literacy. The study further reveals that community resistance and fearfulness remain significant due to concerns regarding cyberattacks, misuse of personal data, inequality in digital infrastructure, and the declining symbolic legitimacy of physical land certificates within agrarian culture. This study suggest that the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) strengthen transparent governance mechanisms, improve public participation, and establish adaptive legal standards concerning digital evidence and electronic land administration. In addition, the Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs should reinforce cybersecurity infrastructure, expand equitable internet access, and formulate stronger personal data protection frameworks to ensure that the digital transformation of Indonesia’s land system remains legally secure, socially accepted, and institutionally sustainable.
Regulation Formulation of AI Utilization in Indonesia: The Dilemma between Certainty and Utility to Realize Golden Indonesia Vision Mustofa Abdul Basir; Robert Walters; Sinta Dewi Rosadi; Atwar Bajari; Muhamad Erza Aminanto
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): November, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lslr.v10i2.30902

Abstract

New regulation formulation methods are needed in the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to argue how the current method of legislative development in Indonesia will need to consider the principles of legal certainty and utility for any future AI laws. These two principles were only elements of the puzzle that were influenced and shaped by other national and local policy needs, which needed considerations by the government. Different from previous investigations that primarily examined AI based on existing rules, this study attempted to provide a different perspective, namely, the dilemma between certainty and utility in formulating AI regulations. A legal-normative method was adopted, and relevant national strategies were analyzed. The results showed that the absence of comprehensive regulations on the use of AI caused legal uncertainty, while opening opportunities for innovation that were not balanced with an adequate ethical and accountability framework. Any AI law needed to balance the considerations with innovation and community protection. Indonesia should also adopt jurisdictions of AI law early, such as the European Union (EU) and the United States (US), as well as international institutions, to inform the development of policy and law. The result of this study was expected to bridge the dilemma between certainty and utility to realize the vision of Golden Indonesia 2045, which was adaptive, responsive, and distinctive through the mastery of ethical and responsible science and technology.
Co-Authors Atwar Bajari Muhamad Erza Aminanto Pipit Saputri Utami Robert Walters Rofi Wahanisa Sinta Dewi Rosadi Suhadi Suhadi