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All Journal Journal of Law and Legal Reform Pandecta : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Hukum (Research Law Journal)
Suhadi Suhadi
Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Transforming Credit Guarantees in Indonesia: Legal Reform and Digital Innovation at Askrindo Aldehita Purnasanti Maulida; Angkasa Angkasa; Suhadi Suhadi; Abu Bakar Munir
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i1.38585

Abstract

Credit guarantee institutions play a pivotal role in expanding financial inclusion, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), which contribute over 60% to Indonesia’s GDP and employ approximately 97% of the national workforce (Kemenkop UKM, 2024). PT Asuransi Kredit Indonesia (Askrindo), a state-owned enterprise under the Indonesia Financial Group (IFG), serves as a key factor in mitigating credit risk and facilitating access to financing through its guarantee schemes. This study critically examines the legal reform of credit guarantee mechanisms in Indonesia by analyzing the regulatory framework governing Askrindo and its ongoing digital transformation. The research highlights regulatory fragmentation across the Insurance Law (Law No. 40/2014), OJK regulations, and Ministry of Finance policies, which often results in operational inefficiencies and legal ambiguities in claim settlement and risk management. Concurrently, Askrindo’s digital initiatives—such as the implementation of e-guarantee platforms, AI-based credit scoring, and integration with national MSME databases—have significantly improved service delivery and data transparency. Empirical data from Askrindo’s annual reports (2020–2024) indicate an 18.7% increase in guaranteed credit volume following digital adoption, with a notable reduction in manual processing time by 42%. However, unresolved legal disputes related to 12.3% of defaulted claims underscore the urgency of harmonizing digital innovation with legal accountability. Interviews with regulators and Askrindo executives further reveal gaps in consumer protection, audit mechanisms, and legal clarity surrounding digital guarantees. Using a law and economics approach, this article argues that Indonesia’s credit guarantee system requires a comprehensive legal reform that aligns regulatory oversight with digital innovation. Important suggestions include creating a single set of laws for digital guarantees, requiring clear information sharing, and adding real-time audit trails to improve accountability and protect MSME beneficiaries.
Electronic Land Certificates: A Breakthrough in Digital Transformation or a New Challenge to Legal Certainty Mustofa Abdul Basir; Pipit Saputri Utami; Rofi Wahanisa; Suhadi Suhadi
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): June, 2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v21i1.39090

Abstract

Digital transformation in the legal sector has become inevitable, including in Indonesia’s agrarian governance system through the implementation of electronic land certificates. Nevertheless, the transition from conventional land certificates to digital documents also generates challenges related to legal certainty and public trust toward digital governance. This article aims to analyze whether electronic land certificates represent a genuine digital breakthrough or instead create new legal and social vulnerabilities. This study employs a qualitative approach through analytical methods and secondary data observation. The findings demonstrate that the success of electronic land certificates is not solely determined by technological sophistication, but also by regulatory readiness, institutional accountability, cybersecurity protection, and the level of public digital literacy. The study further reveals that community resistance and fearfulness remain significant due to concerns regarding cyberattacks, misuse of personal data, inequality in digital infrastructure, and the declining symbolic legitimacy of physical land certificates within agrarian culture. This study suggest that the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN) strengthen transparent governance mechanisms, improve public participation, and establish adaptive legal standards concerning digital evidence and electronic land administration. In addition, the Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs should reinforce cybersecurity infrastructure, expand equitable internet access, and formulate stronger personal data protection frameworks to ensure that the digital transformation of Indonesia’s land system remains legally secure, socially accepted, and institutionally sustainable.
Tripartite Synergy in the Urban Agrarian Reform Model for the Legality of Low-Income Community Settlements Suhadi Suhadi; Tri Andari Dahlan; Asmarani Ramli; Dani Muhtada; Fezer Tamas
Journal of Law and Legal Reform Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): July, 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jllr.v7i3.47777

Abstract

Urban development in Indonesia reflects a persistent paradox: rapid growth coexists with unequal access to land and housing for low-income communities. The urban population increased from 53.3% in 2015 to 56.39% in 2022, while slum areas still covered approximately 88,662.69 hectares nationwide, including 8,912.33 hectares in Central Java. This condition forces many low-income residents to occupy land informally without legal certainty, exposing them to eviction and social vulnerability. This study aims to examine a collaborative urban agrarian reform model based on tripartite synergy among government, academics, and civil society to support settlement legalization. The research employs a normative juridical method with an interdisciplinary approach integrating legal analysis, spatial justice theory, and public policy. The findings reveal that fragmented regulations, weak institutional coordination, and top-down governance approaches hinder effective legalization. In cities such as Semarang, many informal settlements potentially qualify as land objects of agrarian reform but remain unaddressed due to administrative and regulatory constraints. This study proposes a collaborative model involving participatory land identification, legal status assessment, and integrated cross-sectoral policy implementation. It concludes that tripartite synergy enhances legal certainty, reduces land conflicts, and supports inclusive and sustainable urban development by aligning legal frameworks with social realities.
Legal Framework for Maritime Museum Development in Coastal Areas: Evidence from Semarang, Indonesia Mochamad Rizqi Zia Ul’haq; Michelle Tiffani DN; R. Benny Riyanto; Suhadi Suhadi
Pandecta Research Law Journal Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): December, 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/pandecta.v21i2.59555

Abstract

The initiation of establishing a cultural infrastructure in the form of a Maritime Museum by the Semarang City Government manifests a strategic step in optimizing coastal geographic characteristics as an epicenter of maritime education, integrated tourism, and preservation of collective maritime memory. However, this ambitious project with an estimated building site area of ​​five hectares in the northern coastal region faces overlapping spatial regulations, uncertainty of land tenure status, and vulnerability of coastal ecosystem degradation. This study comprehensively analyzes the legal feasibility of land tenure, spatial planning, and environmental management across three alternative locations (Pearl of Java City, Polder Banger, and Tambachlorok). Utilizing a normative-juridical approach, this study evaluates the dynamics of foundational licensing post-implementation of the job creation regulations, which shifts the paradigm from traditional administrative permits to risk-based approvals. The comparative analysis recommends Pearl of Java City as the primary priority for construction based on spatial conformity parameters, subject to the mandatory completion of land rights transfer of reclaimed land as a municipal asset (Regional Property). This study concludes that the acquisition of hierarchically structured legal instruments ranging from land rights procurement, marine and terrestrial spatial conformity, to national institutional registration is an absolute prerequisite to ensure the sustainability of public investment, mitigation of administrative litigation risks, and ecological protection of the Semarang City coast.
Co-Authors Abu Bakar Munir Aldehita Purnasanti Maulida Angkasa Angkasa Asmarani Ramli Dani Muhtada Fezer Tamas Michelle Tiffani DN Mochamad Rizqi Zia Ul’haq Mustofa Abdul Basir Pipit Saputri Utami R. Benny Riyanto Rofi Wahanisa Tri Andari Dahlan