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All Journal Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Febriana Setiawati
Department of Dental Public Health and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Factors Associated with Oral Discomfort at The Menopausal Stage: A Systematic Review Yuli Fatzia Ossa; Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani; Iwany Amaliah Badraduddin; Febriana Setiawati; Steffano Aditya Handoko; Lindawati Soetanto Kusdhany
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 2 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i2.14274

Abstract

Introduction: Menopause is a physiological process that all women experience and is often regarded as a sign of aging in women. The signs and symptoms of menopause are very diverse, and oral discomfort is one of the symptoms. Oral discomfort can interfere with oral cavity function, indirectly affecting nutrient intake. This study aims to evaluate factors associated with oral discomfort and oral manifestations of the menopausal stage. Review: This review is based on the PRISMA statement. A literature review incorporated observational studies from the last five years and across 5 databases.  An investigative question was formulated using the PEOS model, studies were selected, and a quality analysis was performed in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. The bibliometric analysis was performed, and the data were qualitatively analyzed. A total of 19 articles met the inclusion criteria, with the majority of oral manifestations at the menopausal stage being xerostomia, burning sensation, taste disturbances, and periodontitis. Duration of menopause, bad oral hygiene, lower salivary flow rate, higher calcium saliva concentration, and salivary estrogen level were found to be associated factors for oral discomfort at the menopausal stage. Conclusions: The menopausal stage may increase the risk of oral discomfort due to decreased estrogen levels in saliva. Since the estrogen receptor was found in the oral cavity, especially in the mucosa, salivary gland, and periodontium, it can directly affect the oral cavity.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Periodontal Disease During Pregnancy In Indonesia: A Literature Review Lia Hapsari Andayani; Iwany Amalliah Badruddin; Febriana Setiawati
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 2 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i2.14291

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontal disease during pregnancy continues to be a significant worldwide health concern with wide-ranging systemic effects. The association between maternal periodontitis and unfavourable pregnancy outcomes (APOs) has been shown by numerous systematic reviews. Studies conducted worldwide reveal significant variations in periodontitis prevalence and associated risk factors. This literature review aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of periodontal disease during pregnancy in Indonesia. Article searches were conducted in 7 databases: PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Garuda, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. Review: This study followed the predefined PEOS eligibility criteria, with a population consisting of pregnant women of all ages and trimesters in Indonesia, various risk factors associated with periodontal disease as the exposure, and periodontal disease as the outcome. Inclusion criteria were original research published between January 2015 and April 2026, written in English or Indonesian. A total of 312 studies were identified, and 18 studies were included. The reported prevalence of periodontal disease during pregnancy in Indonesia ranged from 4.4% to 100%. Several associated risk factors found are oral hygiene, particularly calculus accumulation, crowded teeth, frequency of toothbrushing, betel nut consumption, smoking status, level of education, living area, gestational age, stress, health motivation, and contraceptive use history. Conclusion: The prevalence of periodontal disease during pregnancy in Indonesia has remained quite high over the past decade. The majority of pregnant women in Indonesia need intervention in the form of Dental Health Education (DHE) and dental scaling.
Intergenerational Relationship Between Parental and Their Children’ Gingivitis In Indonesia: A Life Course Approach Iwany Amalliah Badruddin; Faisha Atiina Maheswari; Febriana Setiawati; Herry Novrinda; Melissa Adiatman
Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) Vol. 22 No. 2 (2026): Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46862/interdental.v22i2.14315

Abstract

Introduction: Gingivitis, a reversible inflammatory condition, is the second most prevalent oral health issue in children, after dental caries. A national health survey in 2018 revealed a high prevalence of gingivitis among Indonesian children, with 5.8% among 5-year-old and 14.3% among 12-year-old children. Childhood is a critical period for the development of oral health behaviors, which are influenced by genetic, familial, and environmental factors. Research highlights the intergenerational transmission of gingivitis, linking parental oral health to child’s outcomes. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of gingivitis among parents and their 3--14-year-old children in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study using secondary data from the 2018 Riskesdas. The data were collected by the Republic of Indonesia Ministry of Health's Research and Development in March 2018. The subject criteria were 3--14-year-old children and their biological parents who had clinical data on gingivitis status and interviews for behavioral variables. Data analysis was performed using SPSS ver.27 for univariate and bivariate analyses. Results and Discussion: The relationship between the occurrence of gingivitis in parents and children was significant (p< .001). The parental risk factors included parents’ perceptions of oral health problems. Parents’ habits were also significantly related to their children’s habits. Conclusion: The significant relationship between the occurrence of gingivitis among parents and children, and the significant role of parents in shaping their children’s oral health behaviors were in accordance with the concept of the intergenerational life course.
Co-Authors Faisha Atiina Maheswari Herry Novrinda Iwany Amaliah Badraduddin Iwany Amalliah Badruddin Lia Hapsari Andayani Lindawati Soetanto Kusdhany Melissa Adiatman Steffano Aditya Handoko Yuli Fatzia Ossa Yuniardini Septorini Wimardhani