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All Journal Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Siswanto, Soni
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Association of Environmental Pollutants Exposure with Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Mini Review of Molecular Mechanism Mediated Siswanto, Soni; Wardhani, Bantari W.K.
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 9, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Pulmonary fibrosis is a specific form of chronic progressive interstitial lung disease. Deposition of extracellular matrix, mainly collagen, is the pathogenic characteristic of pulmonary fibrosis. Many reports show that environmental pollutants, particularly asbestos, silica, mercury, cadmium, and benzo(a)pyrene, are contributed in the etiology of lung injury and a risk factor in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in humans. Based on its physicochemical properties, environmental pollutant-induced pulmonary fibrosis can be developed after a particular type or dose of exposure. To date, some studies have focused on variant pollutants that are induced. However, the molecular mechanism of various pollutants to cause lung injury, which leads to pulmonary fibrosis, remained unexplored. Hence, this narrative review articles describe its molecular mechanism in generating pulmonary fibrosis comprehensively. It is helpful to portray the IPF pathogenesis and its drug discovery and development. Collectively, this article also revealed animal models which can be useful for IPF drug development research.
THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS LOCATION AND SOLVENT TO SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILES Priyasana, I Putu; Nugroho, Agung Endro; Siswanto, Soni; Putri, Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas; Murti, Yosi Bayu
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application
Publisher : Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2023.v05.i02.p04

Abstract

Background: Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees) is one of the traditional medicines that contain multiple phytochemical compounds. Phytochemical compounds can be influenced by growing location. Every location has its characteristic that affects the metabolic process of phytochemical compounds. Apart from that, the extraction solvent also plays an essential role in attracting compounds in sambiloto. The solvent is related to the polarity and can affect the phytochemical profile. Objective: This research aims to determine the effect of the growing location and extraction solvent of sambiloto on its phytochemical profile. Methods: Sambiloto from Denpasar (Dps), Sukoharjo (Skj), and Sleman (Slm) was extracted (1:10 w/v) using ultrasonic-assisted extraction in methanol 100% (MeOH100) and methanol 50% (MeOH50). In water solvents, extraction is carried out using the infusion method. Fingerprint analysis using HPTLC-Densitometry. The data obtained was analyzed further using principal component analysis (PCA). Results: Fingerprint analysis obtained peak data that varied in each extraction solvent. There are four major peaks in the chromatogram profile of each solvent. The peak chromatogram for each solvent also shows differences at each location. PCA analysis shows that the phytochemical content of sambiloto extract is divided into three main clusters. The distribution of the clusters is based on variations in the extraction solvent. Variations in growing location for each sambiloto also influence its phytochemical profile. However, these variations are still in the same quadrant for each solvent. Conclusion: The solvent determines more variations in the phytochemical profile of sambiloto extract than the growing location. Keywords: Sambiloto; Solvent; Location; Phytochemical; Principal Component Analysis
Co-Authors Agung Endro Nugroho Dyaningtyas Dewi Putri Pamungkas Priyasana, I Putu Wardhani, Bantari W.K. Yosi Bayu Murti