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Penerapan Metode Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) dan Equivalent Annual Cost (EAC) Untuk Menentukan Alternatif Pengadaan Forklift Berdasarkan Umur Pakai Optimal Di Warehouse PT MY Resqi Wahyudi; Angga Widyas Swara; Nugroho
Science and Education Journal (SICEDU) Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Science and Education Journal 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/sicedu.v5i3.1097

Forklift procurement is one of the investment decisions that significantly affects a company's operational efficiency, particularly in warehouse material handling activities. PT MY employs two procurement alternatives, namely purchasing diesel forklifts and leasing electric forklifts, each having different cost structures that require a comprehensive economic evaluation to determine the most efficient option. This study aims to analyze the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), calculate the Present Worth (PW) and Equivalent Annual Cost (EAC), and determine the most economical forklift procurement alternative. This research employed a descriptive quantitative method using an Engineering Economy approach. The study utilized the company's secondary data from the 2021–2025 period, including investment costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, leasing costs, energy consumption costs, and asset salvage values. The analysis was conducted using the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), Present Worth (PW), Capital Recovery Factor (CRF), and Equivalent Annual Cost (EAC) methods with a Minimum Attractive Rate of Return (MARR) of 8%. The results indicate that the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of the purchased diesel forklift was Rp1,938,918,750, while the leased electric forklift recorded a TCO of Rp689,856,000. The Present Worth (PW) values were Rp1,625,920,877 and Rp550,869,427, respectively. Based on a Capital Recovery Factor (CRF) of 0.25046, the Equivalent Annual Cost (EAC) of the diesel forklift was Rp407,225,941 per year, whereas the electric forklift was Rp137,970,739 per year. These findings demonstrate that leasing an electric forklift results in lower ownership and Equivalent Annual Costs than purchasing a diesel forklift. Therefore, leasing an electric forklift is recommended as the more economical procurement alternative to support material handling operations at the PT MY warehouse.

Perbaikan Kualitas Panel Listrik Dengan Metode Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (FMEA) Dan DMAIC Muhammad Rojali; Abimanyu; Angga Widyas Swara
Science and Education Journal (SICEDU) Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Science and Education Journal 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/sicedu.v5i3.1129

PT Powerindo Prima Perkasa merupakan perusahaan manufaktur panel listrik yang masih menghadapi permasalahan tingginya jumlah produk defect, khususnya pada proses wiring panel. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan meningkatnya aktivitas rework, bertambahnya waktu produksi, dan menurunkan kualitas produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi titik kritis penyebab defect, menganalisis potensi penyebab defect, serta memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan untuk mengurangi defect menggunakan metode Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control (DMAIC) yang didukung Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) dan Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan data produksi, data defect, observasi, dan dokumentasi perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada periode Juni–Agustus 2025 terdapat 172 produk defect dari total produksi 1.244 unit dengan persentase defect sebesar 13,83%. Diagram Pareto menunjukkan wiring error/salah koneksi sebagai defect dominan. Analisis FTA mengidentifikasi faktor man dan method sebagai penyebab utama, sedangkan FMEA menghasilkan nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) awal sebesar 336. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, diterapkan proses Check Continuity setelah proses wiring. Implementasi perbaikan menurunkan nilai RPN menjadi 48 serta menurunkan tingkat defect menjadi 4,33% atau sebesar 68,69% dibandingkan sebelum perbaikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan DMAIC yang didukung FTA dan FMEA efektif dalam meningkatkan kualitas produk panel listrik.

Optimalisasi Efektivitas Mesin Crusher Cello Dengan Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) Dan Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) Di Industri Makanan Ringan Rakay Edhiargo Toyosito; Vicky Fendy Hernawan; Angga Widyas Swara; Lifia Citra Ramadhanti
Science and Education Journal (SICEDU) Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Science and Education Journal 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/sicedu.v5i3.1138

This study aims to analyze and improve the effectiveness of the Cello Crusher machine in the production process at PT MYI by applying the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) methods. The main problem identified was the high frequency of crusher blade replacement, which resulted in increased downtime and affected the stability of production output. This study used machine operational data from December 2025 to February 2026 as the pre-improvement data and data from March to May 2026 as the post-improvement data. Machine effectiveness was measured using the OEE method, which consists of Availability, Performance, and Quality. The root causes of the problems were identified using a Fishbone Diagram and Five Why Analysis, while the improvement process was implemented through the PDCA cycle. The results showed that the average OEE value before improvement was 79.74%, which was below the World Class OEE standard of 85%. The main factors contributing to the low machine effectiveness were the absence of a standard blade service life, the unavailability of a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Preventive Maintenance, and the absence of a planned schedule for blade replacement and sharpening. Following the implementation of the improvement actions, the average OEE increased to 87.96%, representing an improvement of 8.22%. In addition, average downtime decreased from 106.25 minutes to 61.23 minutes per month, blade replacement frequency decreased from 7 to 4 times, and average production output increased from 4,717 kg to 5,380 kg. Therefore, the application of OEE and PDCA methods proved effective in improving machine effectiveness, reducing downtime, and supporting continuous improvement.

Komparasi Lingkungan Termal Gedung Baru Dan Lama Terhadap Heat Strain Operator Press Rubber Menggunakan HI Dan PSI Di PT XYZ M. Alfarizi; Angga Widyas Swara; Sita Kurniaty Ratoko
Science and Education Journal (SICEDU) Vol 5 No 3 (2026): Science and Education Journal 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/sicedu.v5i3.1141

The footwear manufacturing industry inherently involves physical hazards in the form of exposure to a hot working climate, particularly in the press rubber process that utilizes high-temperature heating machines. This study aims to measure and compare the level of heat strain experienced by operators in two production facilities with different ventilation systems, namely the New Building (mechanically ventilated) and the Old Building (naturally ventilated) at PT XYZ. The evaluation was conducted by combining environmental indicators using the Heat Index (HI) and internal physiological load indicators via the Physiological Strain Index (PSI). This comparative quantitative study involved 30 Shift 1 operators (15 operators per building) over a 15-day observation period. The parameters measured included air temperature, relative humidity, heart rate, skin surface temperature, as well as the Subjective Fatigue Assessment (SFA) questionnaire. The results indicated a highly significant disparity in thermal loads. At the peak hour (13:00 WIB), the Heat Index in the New Building was recorded at 48.8°C (Danger Category) with an average PSI of 4.06 (Moderate Strain). In contrast, the absence of mechanical air circulation in the Old Building led to extreme heat stagnation, causing the Heat Index to surge to 66.2°C (Extreme Danger Category) and elevating the average PSI to 6.25 (High Strain). These critical conditions in the Old Building were subjectively validated, revealing that 80% of the operators experienced decreased cognitive alertness and dizziness, thereby increasing the risk of human error. As a mitigation strategy, improvements in the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hierarchy are recommended. These include engineering controls through the installation of Canopy Hood-type Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV), the implementation of structured micro-breaks, and the provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as Phase Change Cooling Vests specifically for operators in the Old Building.

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