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Implementation of Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in the Settlement of Labor Disputes in Indonesia Febri Jaya; Pelangi; Ampuan Situmeang
Adagium: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol 4 No 2 (2026): Adagium: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum
Publisher : PT. Meja Ilmiah Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70308/12j74f59

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of alternative methods in resolving labor disputes between employees and employers. The issue addressed is the continued dominance of litigation, which tends to be time-consuming, costly, and less likely to produce mutually beneficial solutions. Therefore, this research focuses on Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) methods, such as mediation, conciliation, and arbitration, as more effective and equitable mechanisms for dispute settlement. The research employs a normative juridical approach with qualitative analysis, utilizing secondary data in the form of laws and regulations, legal literature, and previous studies relevant to labor dispute resolution. The analysis is conducted descriptively and analytically to examine the effectiveness and implementation of ADR in Indonesia. The findings indicate that ADR methods, particularly mediation, play an important role in resolving labor disputes more quickly, flexibly, and in a manner that promotes mutually beneficial outcomes. However, their effectiveness still faces several challenges, including limited mediator competence, lack of understanding among the parties, and certain regulatory obstacles. In conclusion, ADR constitutes an important instrument for resolving labor disputes outside the court system; however, it requires stronger regulatory support, enhanced mediator capacity, and broader public awareness among the parties in order to ensure optimal legal certainty and justice.

Pengawasan DPR dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang dan Keseimbangan Kekuasaan Shelvi Rusdiana; Ampuan Situmeang; Vivian Vivian
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i3.14040

This study analyzes the effectiveness of the House of Representatives’ oversight function in the lawmaking process and its implications for the balance of power within Indonesia’s constitutional system. The research is driven by the weak implementation of parliamentary oversight, which has reduced the effectiveness of checks and balances between the legislative and executive branches. This study employs a normative juridical method, using statutory and conceptual approaches, analyzed through the theories of the trias politica and checks and balances. The findings reveal that parliamentary oversight in lawmaking remains predominantly formal-procedural and has not fully functioned as substantive control over legislative policies. This is reflected in the accelerated enactment of strategic regulations, limited public participation, weak evaluative mechanisms, and the dominance of political coalitions in parliament. Structural, normative, and political barriers further weaken the independence and effectiveness of parliamentary control. Therefore, strengthening institutional capacity, optimizing constitutional oversight instruments, and improving legislative transparency are necessary to establish a more accountable and balanced constitutional system. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative analysis that connects normative authority, political dynamics, and oversight practices in the legislative process into a unified framework for assessing the effectiveness of checks and balances in Indonesia. This study contributes theoretically to constitutional law discourse and practically to parliamentary oversight reform. Penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas fungsi pengawasan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) dalam proses pembentukan undang-undang serta implikasinya terhadap keseimbangan kekuasaan dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh lemahnya pelaksanaan pengawasan parlemen yang berdampak pada menurunnya efektivitas mekanisme checks and balances antara legislatif dan eksekutif. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual yang dianalisis melalui teori trias politica dan prinsip checks and balances. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan DPR dalam pembentukan undang-undang masih bersifat formal-prosedural dan belum sepenuhnya menjalankan kontrol substantif terhadap kebijakan legislasi. Kondisi tersebut terlihat dari percepatan pembentukan regulasi strategis, terbatasnya partisipasi publik, lemahnya mekanisme evaluasi, serta dominasi koalisi politik di parlemen. Hambatan struktural, normatif, dan politik juga memengaruhi independensi serta efektivitas pengawasan parlemen. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kapasitas kelembagaan, optimalisasi instrumen pengawasan konstitusional, dan peningkatan transparansi legislasi guna mewujudkan sistem ketatanegaraan yang lebih akuntabel dan seimbang. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis integratif yang menghubungkan kewenangan normatif DPR, dinamika politik, dan praktik pengawasan legislasi sebagai satu kesatuan analisis efektivitas checks and balances di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan kajian hukum tata negara dan penguatan reformasi pengawasan parlemen.

Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia dan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korporasi dalam Kasus Gagal Ginjal Akut pada Anak di Indonesia Dhenisa Oktavia Irawan; Tantimin Tantimin; Ampuan Situmeang
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): APRIL
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v8i1.11297

The pharmaceutical industry as a business entity must fulfill the right to health, especially for children. However, the Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) case in Indonesian children, with 324 cases in less than a year, indicates a violation of children's right to health and life. Court findings reveal systematic and widespread gross human rights violations, making the pharmaceutical industry involved accountable. This study aims to examine the fulfillment of elements of gross human rights violations by the pharmaceutical industry in producing contaminated drugs containing hazardous and toxic substances, as well as the burden of corporate criminal liability. This research employs a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, analyzing several legal regulations. The findings indicate that corporate actions fulfill the elements of crimes against humanity under the Human Rights Court Law, making them criminally liable. However, individual criminal responsibility remains a challenge in corporate accountability. Therefore, legal reforms are needed to strengthen pharmaceutical oversight and establish more effective corporate sanctions, such as fines as the primary penalty, business license suspension or revocation, and additional sanctions like confiscation of profits from criminal acts, corporate dissolution, and banning executives from establishing new companies in the same field. Industri farmasi sebagai pelaku usaha memiliki kewajiban untuk memenuhi hak atas kesehatan, terutama bagi anak-anak. Namun, kasus Gangguan Ginjal Akut (AKI) pada anak di Indonesia dengan 324 kasus dalam waktu kurang dari setahun menunjukkan adanya pelanggaran hak kesehatan dan hak hidup anak. Fakta persidangan mengungkap adanya pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) berat yang bersifat sistematis dan meluas, sehingga industri farmasi yang terlibat harus bertanggung jawab. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pemenuhan unsur-unsur pelanggaran HAM berat oleh industri farmasi dalam memproduksi obat-obatan yang terkontaminasi bahan berbahaya dan beracun serta bagaimana beban pertanggungjawaban pidana terhadap korporasi yang terlibat. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan jenis pendekatan penelitian perundangan-undangan yang mengkaji beberapa peraturan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan korporasi memenuhi unsur kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dalam UU Pengadilan HAM sehingga dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban pidana. Namun, masih terdapat hambatan dalam menegakkan hukum terhadap korporasi. Namun, prinsip pertanggungjawaban pidana individu menjadi hambatan dalam menegakkan hukum terhadap korporasi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukannya pembaharuan hukum untuk memperkuat pengawasan farmasi serta menetapkan pidana korporasi yang lebih efektif, seperti pidana denda sebagai pidana utama, pembekuan atau pencabutan izin usaha, serta sanksi tambahan seperti perampasan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari tindak pidana, pembubaran korporasi, dan larangan bagi pengurus korporasi untuk mendirikan perusahaan baru di bidang yang sama.

Kepastian Hukum dan Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Konflik Investasi Pulau Rempang Eka Binaria Manullang; Shelvi Rusdiana; Ampuan Situmeang
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JUNE
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i2.13614

This study aims to analyze the application of the principle of legal certainty in the Rempang investment conflict and to assess whether the relocation policy complies with the state’s constitutional obligation to protect human rights. The urgency of this research lies in the existing research gap, as previous studies have generally addressed agrarian conflicts or human rights violations in a descriptive or sectoral manner without systematically integrating legal certainty theory, the concept of the rule of law (rechtsstaat), and constitutional human rights obligations in analyzing national strategic investment conflicts. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches, supported by qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials and policy documents. The findings reveal that the implementation of legal certainty in the Rempang case remains substantively deficient due to inconsistencies between norms and practice, the dominance of economic utility over justice and legal certainty, and weak, meaningful participation prior to project implementation. The study further demonstrates that the absence of substantive legal certainty increases social conflict and investment risk. The novelty of this research lies in positioning legal certainty as a determinant variable of development legitimacy within national strategic investment conflicts. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan prinsip kepastian hukum dalam konflik investasi di Rempang serta menilai kesesuaian kebijakan relokasi dengan kewajiban konstitusional negara dalam perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Urgensi penelitian ini terletak pada adanya kekosongan kajian yang secara integratif menguji konflik investasi strategis nasional melalui sintesis teori kepastian hukum Gustav Radbruch, konsep negara hukum (rechtsstaat), dan kewajiban konstitusional perlindungan HAM, karena studi terdahulu cenderung bersifat normatif-deskriptif atau sektoral. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus, berbasis analisis kualitatif terhadap bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan dokumen kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip kepastian hukum dalam kasus Rempang belum mencapai derajat substantif karena terdapat inkonsistensi antara norma dan praktik, dominasi orientasi kemanfaatan ekonomi atas keadilan dan kepastian hukum, serta lemahnya mekanisme partisipasi bermakna sebelum implementasi proyek. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa defisit kepastian hukum justru meningkatkan risiko konflik sosial dan ketidakstabilan investasi. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada konstruksi analisis yang menempatkan kepastian hukum sebagai variabel determinan legitimasi pembangunan dalam konflik investasi strategis nasional.

Analisis Hukum Kebijakan Ekspor Pasir Laut: Interpretasi dan Implementasi SDGs di Kepulauan Riau Nopita Sari Br Tarigan; Shelvi Rusdiana; Ampuan Situmeang
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JUNE
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i2.13767

This study analyzes Indonesia’s marine sand export policy in the Riau Islands in relation to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 15 on Life on Land, against the backdrop of a policy shift from the export ban under the Decree of the Minister of Industry and Trade No. 117/MPP/Kep/2/2003 to the reauthorization of exports under Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023. This policy change gives rise to legal issues in the form of normative conflicts, inconsistencies in environmental protection objectives, and weaknesses in regulatory design in controlling the exploitation of natural resources. This research constitutes a normative-analytical legal study employing a statutory approach and a theoretical approach, analyzed through Hans Jonas’s Ethics of Responsibility and Mochtar Kusumaatmadja’s Development Law theory, with ecological impact data used solely as secondary supporting data to strengthen normative arguments rather than as empirical findings. The results indicate that Government Regulation No. 26 of 2023 inadequately regulates the effectiveness of sanctions, supervisory mechanisms, and public participation, thereby resulting in weak protection of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems and hindering the optimal achievement of SDGs 15. The novelty of this study lies in integrating the analysis of marine sand export policy with intergenerational responsibility ethics and the SDGs framework as a normative basis for strengthening environmental regulation. Penelitian ini menganalisis kebijakan ekspor pasir laut Indonesia di wilayah Kepulauan Riau dalam kaitannya dengan pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 15 tentang Kehidupan di Darat, dengan latar belakang perubahan kebijakan dari larangan ekspor melalui Keputusan Menteri Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Nomor 117/MPP/Kep/2/2003 menjadi kebijakan yang mengizinkannya melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 26 Tahun 2023. Perubahan tersebut menimbulkan persoalan yuridis berupa konflik norma, inkonsistensi arah perlindungan lingkungan hidup, serta kelemahan desain regulasi dalam mengendalikan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian hukum normatif-analitis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan teori, yang dianalisis menggunakan teori Etika Tanggung Jawab Hans Jonas dan teori Hukum Pembangunan Mochtar Kusumaatmadja, dengan data dampak ekologis digunakan sebagai data pendukung sekunder untuk memperkuat argumentasi normatif, bukan sebagai temuan empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PP Nomor 26 Tahun 2023 belum secara memadai mengatur efektivitas sanksi, mekanisme pengawasan, dan partisipasi masyarakat, sehingga berimplikasi pada lemahnya perlindungan ekosistem darat dan pesisir serta tidak optimalnya pencapaian SDGs 15. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi analisis kebijakan ekspor pasir laut dengan etika tanggung jawab antargenerasi dan kerangka SDGs sebagai dasar penguatan regulasi lingkungan hidup.

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