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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science Return : Study of Management, Economic and Bussines
Nanda R. Nurdianto
Universitas Pertamina
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Public Health Social Sciences

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Design of a Strategic Decision-Making Framework Based on Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to Address Geopolitical Risks in Oil and Gas Shipping Operations at PT XYZ Ivan Rezka Winata; Suhari Pranyoto; Nanda R. Nurdianto
Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science Vol. 5 No. 11 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science (Issue in Progres)
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/ijoms.v5i11.1317

Abstract

Oil and gas shipping operations are increasingly exposed to geopolitical risks because they depend on strategic maritime chokepoints and operate across jurisdictions affected by conflicts, sanctions, security threats, and regulatory changes. This study aimed to develop a strategic decision-making framework based on Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to translate geopolitical risks into measurable operational decisions for PT XYZ. The research employed a qualitative explanatory case study supported by descriptive quantitative analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, internal document analysis, and public secondary sources and were validated through source and method triangulation. Security Risk Assessment was conducted using threat, vulnerability, consequence, likelihood, and impact parameters, followed by scenario analysis, safety and legal compliance screening, direct weighting, and MCDA-based alternative ranking. The results showed that crew safety and ship and cargo safety were the highest-priority criteria. The Continue as Planned option failed to meet the safety threshold, whereas the Re-Routing and Delay/Hold Position options achieved the highest scores of 4.20 and 4.16, respectively. Sensitivity testing indicated that these rankings could shift depending on management priorities. The study concluded that integrating security risk assessment, scenario analysis, and MCDA supported more structured, transparent, and accountable strategic decision-making under geopolitical uncertainty while strengthening organizational preparedness, resilience, and continuity of energy supply.
Analysis and Modeling of the Root Causes and Risk Mitigation Strategies for Default Risk in the Pertashop Project at PT Indonesia Sejahtera Hanna Verawaty Silalahi; Suhari Pranyoto; Nanda R. Nurdianto
Return : Study of Management, Economic and Bussines Vol. 5 No. 8 (2026): Return: Study of Management, Economic and Business
Publisher : PT. Publikasiku Academic Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57096/return.v5i8.495

Abstract

Payment default risk represents a significant financial threat that may jeopardize business continuity, as experienced by PT Indonesia Sejahtera during the implementation of the Pertashop procurement project, in which PT Pindad Internasional Logistic had not fully fulfilled its payment obligations. This study aimed to identify the root causes of payment default risk, analyze the interrelationships among contributing factors, and formulate appropriate mitigation strategies based on the Enterprise Risk Management framework of ISO 31000. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed at PT Indonesia Sejahtera. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with six informants comprising leaders and staff from relevant functions, supported by field observations and document analysis. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, complemented by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the priority weights of risk factors. The results identified eight causal factors contributing to payment default, with three dominant factors: weak project supervision and monitoring, the absence of payment protection mechanisms such as bank guarantees or Surat Kredit Berdokumen Dalam Negeri (SKBDN), and the absence of an Early Warning System (EWS). Based on these findings, the study proposed an EWS model integrating Key Risk Indicators (KRI), trigger levels, continuous monitoring, and an escalation matrix as a closed-loop risk management system. This model enabled early detection of potential payment issues and supported proactive mitigation and decision-making. The study concluded that payment default risk was not solely attributable to the customer's financial capacity but also resulted from weaknesses in project governance, contractual control, and organizational risk management systems. Therefore, comprehensive, integrated, and preventive risk management was required to strengthen financial resilience and ensure business continuity.
Co-Authors Hanna Verawaty Silalahi Ivan Rezka Winata Suhari Pranyoto