<![CDATA[This article investigates the effectiveness of the Complete Systematic Land Registration (PTSL) program in addressing structural poverty in rural Indonesia, using Parungsari Village in Lebak Regency, Banten Province, as a case study. Although PTSL was introduced to improve tenure security, legal certainty, and access to capital, its implementation reveals tensions between legalizing land ownership and enduring agrarian inequalities. The study applies a mixed-methods case study approach, showing that community participation is the most influential factor shaping the program’s outcomes, followed by land productivity, the use of agricultural technology, certificate ownership, and access to agricultural credit. Empirical results indicate that the program disproportionately advantages large and absentee landowners, while smallholders and landless groups receive limited benefit. Instead of reducing inequality, land certification often reinforces existing class-based divisions and demonstrates limited measurable impact on household welfare or agricultural productivity. The article argues that PTSL can contribute to poverty reduction only when integrated into a broader agrarian reform framework that couples asset legalization with improved access to agrarian resources. Policy implications highlight the need to prevent and resolve agrarian conflicts, strengthen community capacity and post-certification support, and implement an integrated agrarian reform strategy to promote equitable rural development and address structural poverty.]]>
