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All Journal Tomini Journal of Aquatic Science Jurnal Manuhara: Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Manajemen Dan Bisnis
Azis Salam
Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Determining the Optimal Number of Tourist Boats Based on Carrying Capacity of Whale Shark Tourism (Rhincodon typus) in Botubarani Village, Gorontalo Karmila Datau; Azis Salam; Cahniar Djamil
Tomini Journal of Aquatic Science VOLUME 5 ISSUE 1, MAY 2026
Publisher : Gorontalo State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/tjas.v5i1.36916

Abstract

Whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is a globally distributed, migratory pelagic species and a major tourism attraction in Botubarani Village, Gorontalo. Uncontrolled growth in the number of tourist boats, however, risks injuring whale sharks and degrading the visitor experience, yet no evidence-based limit on boat numbers has previously been established for this site. This study aimed to determine the regional carrying capacity (DDK) of the Botubarani whale shark tourism area and the optimal number of boats (JPO) that can operate without compromising ecological safety or operator welfare. Data were collected in April–May 2025 through field observation and structured interviews, and analyzed using the DDK and JPO formulas of Yulianda (2007). The area's theoretical carrying capacity was 686 visitors/day, with actual utilization at only about 20% of this capacity. The optimal operating range was determined to be 10 boats (minimum, based on the safety-adjusted permitted boats, Pt) to 42 boats (maximum, the highest boat count that still keeps average operator income at or above the Bone Bolango Regency minimum wage). These findings provide a quantitative basis for regulating boat numbers to balance whale shark conservation, tourist experience, and operator livelihoods.
Analisis Pendapatan Operator Perahu Wisata Hiu Paus Serta Tantangan Operasionalnya di Desa Botubarani Teluk Tomini Dhea Farandina S. Tatang; Azis Salam; Abdul Hafidz Olii
Jurnal Manuhara : Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Juli : Jurnal Manuhara : Pusat Penelitian Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/manuhara.v3i3.1954

Abstract

Whale shark boat operators are people or organizations that manage and operate boats for tourism purposes that involve interaction with whale sharks. The basis of this study was conducted to analyze the income earned by whale shark boat operators and their operational challenges. Several factors that need to be considered include the number of tourists, the rates charged by the operator, and the operational costs that must be borne. The purpose of this study is to analyze the income and evaluate challenges faced by whale shark tour boat operators. This study uses descriptive survey and observation methods using primary and secondary data, and quantitative income analysis, to identify respondents using the census sampling method. Based on the results of the study, the average net income of whale shark tour boat operators in Botubarani is Rp. 11,710,000 per year. As for the operational challenges in developing whale shark tourism, there are 3 things that affect income, namely the appearance of whale sharks, weather factors, number of visitors, and when there are fewer or no visitors during the wind and wave season which results in no income because whale sharks do not appear on the surface of the water
Co-Authors Abdul Hafidz Olii Cahniar Djamil Dhea Farandina S. Tatang Karmila Datau