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All Journal International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research
Rizal Rochmansyah
Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics Transportation

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Fire Mitigation-Based Cargo Stowage of Solid-State Battery Electric Vehicles on ASDP Ferry Decks: A Mixed-Method Risk Assessment Study on the Padang–Mentawai Route Rizal Rochmansyah; Marudut Bernadtua Simanjuntak; Bayu Yudho Baskoro; Achmad Ali Mashartanto; Muhammad Fachruddin Raihan
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v11i3

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of solid-state battery electric vehicles (EVs) in Indonesia has introduced an unprecedented fire safety challenge for domestic ferry operations, particularly on high-risk routes such as Padang–Mentawai where extreme maritime environmental conditions compound battery degradation risks. This study examines the influence of EV cargo stowage practices and human resource capacity for fire mitigation on maritime safety perception aboard ASDP ferries. Employing a mixed-method design integrating quantitative Likert-scale surveys (N = 60; α = 0.892), semi-structured qualitative interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD), data were collected from maritime students, lecturers, and seafarers affiliated with Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat between February and June 2026. Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant combined effect of cargo stowage (X2) and fire mitigation capacity (X3) on maritime safety perception (Y), with r = 0.712 (p < 0.01). Risk matrix analysis identified 65% of 18 risk indicators at high or extreme levels, concentrated in maritime environmental conditions and emergency response readiness. FGD findings revealed three structural gaps between SE-DJPL No. 12/2024 and operational practice: insufficient deck infrastructure, seafarer competency deficits in thermal runaway management, and coordination failures among operators, regulators, and port charging providers. The study contributes a risk-based adaptive SOP model for EV cargo stowage and recommends curriculum integration at maritime polytechnic institutions.
Regulatory Compliance, Human Competency, and Maritime Safety Perception in the Era of Electric Vehicle Transportation: Evidence from Indonesian Ferry Operations Rizal Rochmansyah; Bayu Yudho Baskoro; Marudut Bernadtua Simanjuntak; Achmad Ali Mashartanto; Muhammad Fachruddin Raihan
International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): In Progress
Publisher : Department of Marine Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25481479.v11i3

Abstract

Indonesia's accelerating electric vehicle (EV) adoption has created a regulatory and institutional challenge of considerable urgency for domestic ferry operations, where solid-state battery fire risks intersect with persistent competency gaps among seafarers and structural limitations in multi-agency governance frameworks. This study investigates the relationships among regulatory compliance (X4), human resource capacity for fire mitigation (X3), and maritime safety perception (Y) in the context of EV cargo transport on the ASDP Padang–Mentawai ferry route. Using a concurrent mixed-method design — integrating Likert-scale surveys (N = 60; α = 0.892), semi-structured interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) — data were collected from maritime students, lecturers, and active seafarers affiliated with Politeknik Pelayaran Sumatera Barat between February and June 2026. Regression analysis identified human resource capacity (β = 0.43, p < 0.01) as a stronger predictor of safety perception than regulatory compliance (β = 0.31, p < 0.01). FGD thematic analysis surfaced three structural governance gaps: seafarer competency deficits in thermal runaway management, fragmented inter-agency coordination between operators and regulators, and curriculum misalignment in maritime polytechnic institutions. The study contributes a Safety–Competency–Governance (SCG) framework for EV maritime safety management and provides empirically grounded curriculum and policy recommendations for Indonesia's maritime education and regulatory institutions.
Co-Authors Achmad Ali Mashartanto Bayu Yudho Baskoro Marudut Bernadtua Simanjuntak Muhammad Fachruddin Raihan