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All Journal Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology
Rizki Tri Anugrah Bhakti
Faculty of Law, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Batam, 29425
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Mathematics Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Unauthorized Buildings and Demolition: A Normative Review of Satpol PP Authority and Due Process Erik Arianto Matondang; Dwi Afni Maileni; Rizki Tri Anugrah Bhakti; Isfandir Hutasoit
Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : SAINTIS Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33122/ejeset.v7i1.1396

Abstract

This study analyzes the construction of the authority of the Civil Service Police Unit-Satpol PP in the control and demolition of unauthorized buildings and formulates administrative due process standards as legal limits on local government action. The study is motivated by the fact that demolition practices are frequently contested not only because of the effectiveness of regional regulation enforcement, but also because of unclear legal authority, overlapping institutional roles, and weak traceability of administrative accountability. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and limited case approaches. The legal materials examined include legislation, administrative law doctrine, and public administration scholarship relevant to administrative enforcement, discretion, procedural legitimacy, and accountability. The findings show that Satpol PP occupies an important position as an operational administrative enforcement actor; however, the legality of demolition cannot rest solely on its general public order function. The validity of demolition requires a coherent linkage between the verification of violations by the competent technical authority, follow-up determinations by authorized officials, proportionate stages of enforcement, and complete documentation of official action. These findings underscore the importance of structuring both the architecture of authority and the administration of official action in order to ensure lawful, proportionate, and accountable enforcement of Regional Regulations.
Proportionality in Satpol PP Enforcement Operations: A Normative Review of Restrictions on Citizens’ Rights Harianto Harianto; Rizki Tri Anugrah Bhakti; Dwi Afni Maileni; Indra Sakti
Electronic Journal of Education, Social Economics and Technology Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : SAINTIS Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33122/ejeset.v7i1.1397

Abstract

Public-order enforcement operations conducted by Indonesia’s Civil Service Police Unit-Satpol PP are an important instrument for enforcing Regional Regulations, yet their implementation frequently generates tension between public-order objectives and the protection of citizens’ rights. This study analyzes the legal limits of restrictions on citizens’ rights in Satpol PP enforcement operations through the principle of proportionality and formulates an operational normative review framework. The research adopts a doctrinal legal method using statutory, conceptual, case-based, and limited comparative approaches. The data consist of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed through doctrinal analysis and qualitative content analysis by means of a proportionality matrix covering legality, legitimate aim, suitability, necessity, balancing of impacts, and procedural safeguards and accountability. The findings show that the main problem in Satpol PP enforcement lies not merely in the absence of formal authority, but in the escalation of coercive measures without adequate justification and in weak procedural protection. The study’s novelty lies in proposing a stage-based proportionality review framework for Satpol PP enforcement operations that can be used to evaluate official action, strengthen standard operating procedures, and improve accountability in the enforcement of Regional Regulations from the perspectives of administrative law and the constitutional protection of citizens’ rights.
Co-Authors Dwi Afni Maileni Erik Arianto Matondang Harianto Harianto Indra Sakti Isfandir Hutasoit