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Narasia, Narasia
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Medicine & Pharmacology

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ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF EXTRACTION METHODS ON TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF BANGLE RHIZOMES (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) Styawan, Anita Agustina; Narasia, Narasia; Nurhaini, Rahmi; Arrosyid, Muchson
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jfaps.v7i1.29242

Abstract

Bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) is a medicinal plant from the Zingiberaceae family widely used in traditional medicine due to its bioactive compounds, particularly phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. The phenolic content of plant materials is strongly influenced by the extraction method; however, comparative studies on Bangle rhizomes using different extraction techniques remain limited. This experimental analytical study aimed to compare the total phenolic content of Bangle rhizomes extracted using maceration and steam distillation methods. Powdered dried rhizomes were extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol, while fresh rhizomes were subjected to steam distillation to obtain essential oil. Total phenolic content was determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry with Folin–Ciocalteu reagent at a maximum wavelength of 743 nm and an operating time of 60 minutes, expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g extract. The results showed that the ethanol extract obtained by maceration exhibited a significantly higher total phenolic content (105.03 mg GAE/g) than the distillation product (83.57 mg GAE/g). Statistical analysis using an independent t-test revealed a significant difference between the two extraction methods (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the maceration method using 96% ethanol is more effective than steam distillation in extracting phenolic compounds from Bangle rhizomes.
Co-Authors Agustina Styawan, Anita Arrosyid, Muchson Rahmi Nurhaini, Rahmi