<![CDATA[The global security landscape in the 21st century has shifted toward non-traditional threats, particularly crises of mass population movement or forced migration. In Southeast Asia, countries such as Indonesia face significant structural pressure due to the absence of a binding regional legal framework. This study aims to comprehensively examine the intersection between mass migration and national security in Indonesia, using the Rohingya refugee crisis as the main case study. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach through library research and policy analysis. The analytical framework integrates the Copenhagen School's securitization theory, the societal security approach, and migration sociology. The findings indicate that structural weaknesses in national instruments, particularly the absence of an absolute landing clause in Presidential Regulation No. 125/2016, create a conflictual nexus between human rights protection and immigration security. Sociologically, an uncertain period of limbo triggers negative horizontal plurality and communal friction with local communities, exacerbated by disinformation operations on social media. Case analyses in Pidie Regency and Sabang City confirm ambivalence and clashes of cultural norms at the grassroots level. Asymmetric border externalization policies by neighboring countries such as Australia and Malaysia further force Indonesia into a buffer-zone position vulnerable to transnational crime and trafficking in persons. The study concludes that failure to manage refugee assimilation directly threatens internal security cohesion. Strategic steps are needed, including revising Presidential Regulation No. 125/2016, modernizing Bakamla and Indonesian Navy maritime intelligence, conducting cyber counter-narrative operations, and strengthening regional coercive diplomacy to address geopolitical deadlock.]]>
