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All Journal International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE)
Titus Terwase Akor
University of Nigeria
Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Voltage stability analysis of power transmission systems using multi-index framework of hybrid whale and particle swarm optimization technique Titus Terwase Akor; Theophilus Chukwudolue Madueme; Chibuike Peter Ohanu; Tole Sutikno
International Journal of Applied Power Engineering (IJAPE) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijape.v15.i3.pp1439-1457

Abstract

The persistent increase in grid collapse has necessitated the need for robust solutions for stability. Hybrid whale and particle swarm optimization (WAPSO) algorithm integrated with multi-index stability indices (MIS) has been applied to enhance voltage stability in this paper. The method is tested on the Nigeria 48-bus, 330 kV transmission system and simulated in MATPOWER embedded in MATLAB. The WAPSO algorithm is optimized with parameters w = 0.4, cā‚ = 1.4 and cā‚‚ = 1.5. The outcome achieved 98.84% reduction in mean MIS from 0.3959 to 0.0048 and a robustness index of 0.0051. This depicts low variability of 0.057 and 100% success rate across five dynamic scenarios explored such as gradual load growth with 98.79%, sudden spikes achieved 98.84%, cyclic fluctuations at 98.67%, renewable uncertainty at 98.74%, and N-1 contingencies at 98.84% improvement, respectively. Critical lines, 34-35 and 24-33 exhibit more than 99% MIS improvement, while weak lines, 21-22 and 24-40 achieved 85ā€“87% enhancement, indicating areas for further reinforcement. The LSI and FVSI are reduced to 0.0048 and 0.1477 showing 56.79% improvement respectively as against the 38.9% MIS improvement obtained with the PSO-GA. This demonstrates WAPSO as a highly robust and adaptable technique offering a scalable solution for enhancing grid reliability under dynamic conditions.
Co-Authors Chibuike Peter Ohanu Theophilus Chukwudolue Madueme Tole Sutikno