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Alwan Hadiyanto
Magister Hukum Universitas Riau Kepulauan
Social Sciences

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Reformasi Hukum Perikatan dalam Menghadapi Transformasi Digital di Indonesia   Fanny Aliet Yulianti; Alwan Hadiyanto; Pristika Handayani
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i4.14648

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of the law of obligations in supporting the development of Indonesia's legal system in the digital era. The rapid advancement of information technology has transformed legal relations from conventional interactions into electronic-based transactions, including electronic contracts, financial technology, e-commerce, and smart contracts. However, this transformation has not been accompanied by adequate reform of the Indonesian Civil Code, resulting in regulatory disharmony, legal uncertainty in electronic transactions, limitations in digital evidence, and inadequate protection of consumers and personal data. Therefore, reforming the law of obligations has become increasingly urgent to ensure an adaptive legal system capable of responding to technological developments. This research employed normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches supported by library research on primary and secondary legal materials. The novelty of this study lies in proposing an integrated model of reforming the law of obligations as the foundation for developing Indonesia's digital legal system through regulatory harmonization, modernization of substantive contract law, strengthening electronic evidence, and the development of legal technology. The findings demonstrate that the law of obligations has a strategic role in supporting Indonesia's digital legal transformation, provided that comprehensive legal reform is undertaken to achieve legal certainty, justice, and effective legal protection in electronic legal relations.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peluang dan tantangan hukum perikatan dalam mendukung perkembangan sistem hukum Indonesia pada era digital. Perkembangan teknologi informasi telah mengubah hubungan hukum dari sistem konvensional menuju transaksi berbasis elektronik, seperti kontrak elektronik, financial technology, e-commerce, dan smart contract. Transformasi tersebut belum diikuti oleh pembaruan hukum perikatan yang memadai sehingga menimbulkan disharmonisasi regulasi, ketidakpastian hukum dalam transaksi elektronik, keterbatasan sistem pembuktian digital, serta belum optimalnya perlindungan konsumen dan data pribadi. Kondisi tersebut menjadikan reformasi hukum perikatan sebagai kebutuhan yang mendesak untuk mewujudkan sistem hukum yang adaptif terhadap perkembangan teknologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan analitis melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada perumusan model integratif reformasi hukum perikatan sebagai landasan pembangunan sistem hukum digital Indonesia melalui harmonisasi regulasi, modernisasi substansi hukum perikatan, penguatan pembuktian elektronik, dan pengembangan legal technology. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hukum perikatan memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung transformasi sistem hukum Indonesia di era digital, dengan syarat dilakukan pembaruan hukum secara komprehensif guna mewujudkan kepastian hukum, keadilan, dan perlindungan hukum yang efektif dalam hubungan hukum berbasis elektronik. 
Kekeliruan Hakim dalam Perkara Korupsi: Analisis Penalaran Yuridis Putusan Pengadilan Rosmerry Rosmerry; Alwan Hadiyanto; Ciptono Ciptono
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): JUNE
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i2.13971

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the construction of judicial legal reasoning in corruption cases and to examine the accuracy of legal application in the Decision of the Tanjung Pinang District Court Number 14/Pid.Sus-TPK/2025/PN Tpg based on the principle of legality and the doctrine of participation (medeplegen). The study is motivated by indications of inconsistency between legal facts, the fulfillment of offense elements, and the applied legal norms, which may lead to substantive injustice. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, analyzed qualitatively through stages of identifying legal facts, examining elements of the offense, and evaluating the application of legal norms. The findings reveal the existence of error in law, particularly in the fulfillment of the element of “receiving gifts or promises,” which is not supported by proof of a causal relationship between the benefit and official authority, as well as in the application of Article 55 of the Criminal Code, which fails to adequately explain individual roles and joint intent within the concept of participation. These findings indicate that the primary weakness lies in judicial legal reasoning, particularly in the process of legal subsumption, which affects the overall quality of the decision. The novelty of this study lies in its structured analysis of the relationship between legal facts, elements of the offense, and judicial reasoning as indicators of the quality of corruption judgments.   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi pertimbangan yuridis hakim dalam perkara tindak pidana korupsi serta menguji ketepatan penerapan hukum dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Tanjung Pinang Nomor 14/Pid.Sus-TPK/2025/PN Tpg berdasarkan asas legalitas dan teori penyertaan (medeplegen). Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya indikasi ketidakkonsistenan antara fakta hukum, pemenuhan unsur delik, dan norma hukum yang diterapkan yang berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakadilan substantif. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui tahapan identifikasi fakta hukum, pengujian unsur delik, dan evaluasi penerapan norma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kekeliruan penerapan hukum (error in law), khususnya pada pemenuhan unsur “menerima hadiah atau janji” yang tidak didukung oleh pembuktian hubungan kausal antara pemberian dan kewenangan jabatan, serta pada penerapan Pasal 55 KUHP yang tidak menguraikan secara memadai peran individual dan kesengajaan bersama dalam konsep turut serta. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kelemahan utama terletak pada penalaran yuridis dalam proses subsumsi norma yang berdampak pada kualitas putusan. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada analisis terstruktur terhadap hubungan antara fakta hukum, unsur delik, dan konstruksi pertimbangan hakim sebagai indikator kualitas putusan perkara korupsi.
Disfungsi Checks and Balances Legislatif-Eksekutif dan Implikasinya terhadap Kebijakan Publik Dhenis A. Depari; Emy Hajar Abra; Alwan Hadiyanto
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i4.15339

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dysfunction of the checks and balances principle between the legislative and executive branches following the Jakarta riots of August 2025 and its implications for public policy formulation and constitutional governance from the perspective of Indonesian Constitutional Law. The study is based on the gap between the constitutional design requiring a balance of powers and constitutional practice within Indonesia's multiparty presidential system. The Jakarta riots of August 2025 revealed the failure of the checks and balances mechanism to respond effectively to a political crisis, weakening legislative oversight, reinforcing an executive-heavy tendency, and reducing the quality of constitutional governance. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches with descriptive-analytical methods through library research. The findings indicate that the dysfunction of checks and balances does not arise from constitutional deficiencies but from political configurations that reduce the independence of the House of Representatives in exercising its oversight function. Consequently, the quality of public policy-making, governmental accountability, and constitutional limitations on state power has declined. The study concludes that strengthening legislative independence, optimizing oversight functions, and consistently implementing the checks and balances principle are essential to achieving constitutional governance. The novelty of this research lies in examining the relationship between the dysfunction of checks and balances following the Jakarta riots of August 2025 and the emergence of an executive-heavy tendency from the perspective of Indonesian Constitutional Law.   Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis disfungsi prinsip checks and balances antara legislatif dan eksekutif pascakerusuhan Jakarta Agustus 2025 serta implikasinya terhadap pembentukan kebijakan publik dan constitutional governance dalam perspektif Hukum Tata Negara. Penelitian berangkat dari kesenjangan antara desain konstitusional yang menghendaki keseimbangan kekuasaan dengan praktik ketatanegaraan dalam sistem presidensial multipartai. Kerusuhan Jakarta Agustus 2025 memperlihatkan kegagalan mekanisme checks and balances dalam merespons krisis politik sehingga melemahkan fungsi pengawasan DPR, memperkuat kecenderungan executive heavy, dan menurunkan kualitas constitutional governance. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus yang dianalisis secara deskriptif-analitis melalui studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa disfungsi checks and balances tidak disebabkan oleh kelemahan norma konstitusi, melainkan oleh konfigurasi politik yang mengurangi independensi DPR dalam menjalankan fungsi pengawasan. Kondisi tersebut berdampak pada menurunnya kualitas pembentukan kebijakan publik, akuntabilitas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, dan efektivitas pembatasan kekuasaan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penguatan independensi DPR, optimalisasi fungsi pengawasan, dan pelaksanaan prinsip checks and balances secara konsisten merupakan prasyarat untuk mewujudkan constitutional governance. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada analisis keterkaitan disfungsi checks and balances pascakerusuhan Jakarta Agustus 2025 dengan kecenderungan executive heavy dalam perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Indonesia.
Co-Authors Ciptono Ciptono Dhenis A. Depari Emy Hajar Abra Fanny Aliet Yulianti Pristika Handayani Rosmerry Rosmerry