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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Religious Indonesian Journal of Educational Sciences and Research
Zaskia Mutiara Husna
Universitas Syiah Kuala

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The Dynamics of Islamic Civilization during the Time of Caliph Umar bin Khattab: An Integrative Analysis of the Systems of Government, Law, Economy, and Education Maulia Maulia; Rizka Rosalia; Zaskia Mutiara Husna
Indonesian Journal of Religious Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): April, Transformation of Local Islamic Practices Amid Social and Cultural Chang
Publisher : CV. Scholar Edukasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66052/wn8z3z58

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the development of Islamic civilization during the time of Caliph Umar bin Khattab by examining various policies implemented in the fields of government, economics, law and social welfare. This research uses qualitative methods with a historical approach through literature study. Data was obtained from various books, articles and scientific journals published within the last ten years as well as relevant historical sources. The results of the research show that: (1) Umar bin Khattab succeeded in expanding the territory of Islamic rule to include Persia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt and Iraq, thus strengthening Islam's position as a political power and world civilization; (2) Umar carried out reforms in the government system through the establishment of Baitul Mal, Diwan, a state administration system, and the establishment of the Hijri calendar which increased the effectiveness of government governance; (3) in the economic sector, Umar implemented a wealth distribution policy oriented towards community welfare through the management of zakat, kharaj, jizyah and ghanimah; (4) in the legal field, Umar developed the practice of ijtihad to answer various social problems that emerged along with the development of Islamic society without ignoring the principles of sharia; and (5) the development of education and the dissemination of knowledge through mosques as centers of learning helped strengthen Islamic civilization in new regions. The novelty of this article lies in the analysis that integrates aspects of government, economics, law, and education in explaining the development of Islamic civilization during the time of Umar bin Khattab based on a study of contemporary scientific literature.
Challenges of Generation Z in Cultural Heritage Entrepreneurship: The Role of AI and Digitalization in Entrepreneurship Education Hajar Mahyana; Husnan Ramadhan; Zaskia Mutiara Husna
Indonesian Journal of Educational Sciences and Research Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): April, Innovations in Educational Sciences and Learning Research
Publisher : CV. Scholar Edukasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66052/4qk1m495

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the challenges faced by Generation Z in developing culture-based entrepreneurship and identify strategies for utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digitalization to support business sustainability. The article uses a qualitative descriptive method with a library research approach. Data were obtained from various scientific sources, such as journals, books, academic articles, and documents relevant to the themes of entrepreneurship, Generation Z, digitalization, artificial intelligence, and cultural preservation. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis with stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that Generation Z has a high adaptability to the development of digital technology, enabling them to use social media, marketplaces, and AI-based technologies to support entrepreneurial activities. The use of these technologies contributes to expanding market reach, increasing promotion effectiveness, assisting in consumer trend analysis, and driving culture-based product innovation. However, Generation Z also faces challenges, including limited managerial experience, limited access to capital, increasingly competitive markets, and the risk of reduced authentic cultural values due to excessive modernization. Therefore, there is a need for strategies that integrate technological innovation with principles of cultural preservation. This article offers a novelty in the form of a hybrid business model concept that combines AI utilization and digitalization with efforts to preserve local cultural values. The model enables the creation of entrepreneurship that is not only competitive and innovative but also contributes to the sustainable preservation of cultural heritage. The research findings are expected to serve as references for young business actors, academics, and policymakers in developing a culture-based creative economy ecosystem in the digital era.
Co-Authors Hajar Mahyana Husnan Ramadhan Maulia Maulia Rizka Rosalia